Page 3 - Grp3-Soil magazine (Final-Vid ver)

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CHAPTER 1:
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INTRODUCTION TO SOIL MECHANICS
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INTRODUCTION TO SOIL MECHANICS
1) WHAT ARE SOILS?
Soil is a material composed of five
ingredients minerals, soil organic
matter, living organisms, gas, and
water.
Soil organic matter is plant, animal,
and microbial residues in various
states of decomposition; it is the
best indicators of agricultural soil
quality.
2) SOIL HORIZON
O horizon consists of highly organic matter.
O horizon normally in black and dark brown
color which smell organic.

A horizon is called top soil which have

mineral particles mixed with organic material
This horizon rich in roots and organism and in
brown color or dark color due to the
accumulation of organic mineral.

B horizon is called subsoil which contains few

minerals that accumulate from above and
mixture of parent rock from below. It usually
has yellow or orange color and clay rich.

C horizon is parent material which is partly
weathered rock.

R horizon that is called bedrock which is the
parent rock that will be weathered in place to
produce soil.

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