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Ƚɐɍ Ɇɋ ɇɚ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɸ
ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɬ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨ
ɜɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɵɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ
ɉɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɢ ɪɟɝɢ
ɨɧɚɯ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɧɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ
ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɸ ɧɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɜ
ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ȿɋɗ ɊɎ ɗɬɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞ
ɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɮɢɥɢɚɥɵ ɎȽɍɉ ȼȽɌɊɄ ² ɈɊɌɉɐ ɄɊɌɉɐ ɐɊɊ ɢ ɈȺɈ
©ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɶª
Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɟɣ
ɜɧɭɬɪɢɡɨɧɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɧɚ
ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ
ɢ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ
Ɂɋ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɐɟɧɬɪɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɫɩɭɬ
ɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥ
ɧɹɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ȼ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɢɫ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ Ɂɋ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ Ʉɋ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɤɨɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ
Ɂɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɟɬɢ
ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ² ɷɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢɫ
ɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞ
ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɭɠɞ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɧɚ ɫɟɬɢ ɨɛɳɟ
ɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɟɬɢ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɧɟ
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɭ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ
ɱɚɫɬɨ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɫɟɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜɟɞɨɦ
ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɤ ɫɟɬɹɦ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ©ɉɨɥɨ
ɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɢ ɤ ɫɟɬɹɦ ɷɥɟɤ
ɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ
ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɩɨ ɫɟɬɹɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɜɹɡɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª
ȼɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɥɭɠɛ ɩɪɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ
Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɧɚ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɥɢɧɢɢ
ɫɜɹɡɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɛɟɫɩɟ
ɪɟɛɨɣɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ
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