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International Conference on

Recent Trends in Environmental Sustainability

ESCON22/ETERM/19
Effect of rice straw biochar in combination with farmyard manure mitigates
bromoxynil toxicity in wheat grown in rice-wheat cropping system

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Saba Farooq , Tahira Yasmeen *, Muhammad Saleem Arif , Muhammad Riaz , Muhammad
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Rizwan , Shafaqat Ali
1 Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University
Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Correspondence: tahirayasmeen@gcuf.edu.pk
Abstract
Herbicide residues in agriculture commodities are a serious threat for human health and
sustainability of the ecosystem. Efficient utilization of rice straw is another challenge in rice-
wheat cropping system of the South and East Asia. We investigated the efficient utilization of
rice straw biochar and farmyard manure as organic amendment in mitigating the bromoxynil
residues in leaves, grain, husk and root tissue of wheat plant. Growth and yield of wheat plants
were also examined under field conditions through a 2-year field experiment. The experiment
was set up using two wheat cultivars (Faisalabad-08 and Galaxy-2013) following randomized
complete Block design (split plot arrangement) with 3 replications. Wheat cultivars were taken
as main plot factors. Different formulations of biochar (BC) and farmyard manure (FYM) i.e.,
100 BC: 00 FYM, 75 BC: 25 FYM, 50 BC: 50 FYM, 25 BC: 75 FYM, 00 BC: 100 FYM and
00 BC: 00 FYM as control were prepared and mixed with soil (2% wt./wt.) at the time of
sowing. The wheat crop was sprayed with recommended dose (Buctril Super 60EC, 825 mL
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ha ) of bromoxynil 40 days after sowing. Grain, husk, leaves and root samples were collected
at maturity. Statistical analysis of data revealed that the organic amendments significantly
reduced the bromoxynil concentration in different tissues of wheat plant besides increasing the
growth and yield of the plants. The highest level of bromoxynil was found in the control
treatment whereas; sole biochar reduced the herbicide residues upto 78% in grain and husk of
wheat, 40% in leaves and 64% in the roots of wheat along with 41-44% increase in grain yield
of wheat. Rice straw biochar along with farmyard manure could be considered as a promising
option for mitigating residual herbicide issues in crop plants along with increase in the yield of
wheat crop.
Keywords: Organic amendments; herbicides residues; biochar; Farmyard manure; Rice straw

Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus

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