Page 123 - YEAR BOOK 2022-23

DISEASE CAUSED BY VIRUS

AIDS
è AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
è AIDS can spread through sexual contact, illicit injection drug use or sharing needles, contact

with infected blood, or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth or breast feeding.
MEASLES
ö Measles is caused by a single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus with 1 serotype. It is classified
as a member of the genus Morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. Humans are the only

natural hosts of measles virus.
ö Children younger than 5 years of age and adults older than 20 years of age are more likely to
suffer from complications. Common complications are ear infections and diarrhea.

INFLUENZA
è Influenza is a viral infection that attacks your respiratory system — your nose, throat and
lungs.
è Flu symptoms, including fever, will go away after about 5 days, but you may still have a

cough and feel weak a few days longer. All your symptoms should be gone within 1 to 2 weeks.
è The influenza viruses mainly spread from person to person through droplets produced
while coughing or sneezing.
CHICKENPOX

ö Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
ö It can cause an itchy, blister-like rash. The rash first appears on the chest, back, and face, and
then spreads over the entire body.
ö The rash begins as many small red bumps that look like pimples or insect bites.

DISEASE CAUSED BY BACTERIA
TYPHOID
ö Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection that can spread throughout the body, affecting many

organs.
ö It can cause serious complications and can be fatal.
ö It is caused by a bacterium called Salmonella typhi, which is related to the bacteria that cause
salmonella food poisoning.

TUBERCULOSIS
ç Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially serious infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs.
ç The bacteria that cause tuberculosis are spread from person to person through tiny droplets
released into the air via coughs and sneezes.

ç Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.