Page 44 - Demo

Congenital Heart Diseases: Key PointsVentricular Septal Defect (VSD):%u2022Characterized by a pansystolic murmur%u2022In chronic cases, can lead to Eisenmenger syndrome (shunt reversal)Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA):%u2022Presents with a continuous machinery murmur%u2022Best heard in the left infraclavicular areaAtrial Septal Defect (ASD):%u2022Not specifically mentioned in the original content, but is a common congenital heart defect%u2022Often presents with a fixed splitting of S2 heart soundTetralogy of Fallot:%u2022Not mentioned in the original content, but is an important congenital heart defect%u2022Consists of four defects: VSD, pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and overriding aortaCoarctation of the Aorta:%u2022Another important congenital heart defect not mentioned in the original content%u2022Presents with upper body hypertension and weak femoral pulsesGeneral considerations:%u2022Congenital heart diseases can present with various murmurs%u2022May lead to complications like cyanosis, heart failure, or pulmonary hypertension%u2022Early detection and intervention are crucial for better outcomes