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Ability                                                                                                      “COULD” FOR PAST ABILITIES


                                                                                                                        “Could” is the past form of “can”
                                                                                                                        and is used to talk about an ability
        “Can” is a modal verb that describes what someone is               See also:                                    in the past. “When” plus a time
        able to do. It is used in different forms to describe past         Present simple 1                             setting can be used to say when
        and present abilities.                                             Future with “will” 18                        someone had the ability.
                                                                                                                                                                                         The time frame can be
                                                                                                                                                                                        set with a phrase about
                                                                                                                                                                                           an age, day, or year.
                “CAN / CANNOT / CAN’T”
         “Can” goes between the subject and the main verb.
         The verb after “can” goes in its base form.                                                                               Describes a present ability.                 Describes a past ability.





                    “Can” is always the same. It doesn’t                     Base form of verb.                         FURTHER EXAMPLES
                    change with the subject.

         The negative form of “can” is “cannot” or “can’t.”
                                                                                                 TIPIP
                                                                                                 T
                                                                                             The long negativ
                                                                                             The long negative  e                                                                            Negative form.
                                                                                              orm “
                                                                                                 cannot
                                                                                             f form “cannot” is  ” is
                                                                                             always spelled as  ys spelled as
                                                                                             alwa
                                                                                              one wor
                          The more common,                                                    one word, not  d, not
                                                                                               two words.ds.
                          short form of “cannot.”                                              two wor
         FURTHER EXAMPLES                                                                                                      “CAN” IN THE FUTURE
                                                                                                                        It is not grammatically
                                                                                                                        possible to talk about
                                                                                                                        the future using “can.”
                                                                                                                        “Will be able to”
                                                                                                                         is used instead.


                                                                                                                                                                    “Will can” is incorrect.

         HOW TO FORM
                                                                                                                        The negative
               SUBJECT              “CAN / CANNOT / CAN’T”         BASE FORM                OBJECT                      is formed with
                                                                                                                        “not able to”
                                                                                                                        or “unable to.”



                                                                                                                                                                  “Will be unable to” can also
                                                                                                                                                                  be used, but it’s less common.

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