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Forms


         Physical violence                       “D ome   sti c  viol en c e  i s  not   si
                                                  “Domestic violence is not simpmply an argument. It
                                                                            cive
                                                                         er
                                                                                  cont

                                                                       o
                                                            tern
                                                       pat
                                                                      c
                                                                  of
                                                                                        ro
                                                                                                   one

                                                                                                            rso
                                                                                                         pe
                                                                                               at
                                                                                                                n
                                                                                           l
                                                                                            th

                                                  is a pattern of coercive control that one person
                                                  exercises over another. Abusers use physical and
         Emotional abuse                         exerc  i se s  o ver  ano th er .  Abuse rs   use   physi cal   and
                                                  sexual  violence,  threats,  emotioonal  insults  and
                                                  sexua  l    viol ence ,   t hreats,   e moti
                                                  economic deprivation as a way to dominate their eir
                                                  eco no  mic  d eprivat  i on  as  a  wa y  to   do mina te  th
         Sexual assault                          victims and get their way.”
                                                  [Susan  Scheter,  Visionary  leader  in  the
                                                  [Susa  n    Sch eter,     Visi onary      l ea der   i n   th e
         Honour Killing                          movement t      o  end  fa mil y viol ence
                                                  movement to end family violence]]

         Dowry related
           abuse and deaths                        Domestic  violence  that  is  comprehensive  in
                                                                                      i
                                                                                       s
                                                                                                                 i
                                                                 viol
                                                                                 at
                                                                           e
                                                                               th
                                                                      enc

                                                                                                  r
                                                                                           com
                                                                                                p
                                                   Domesti
                                                                                                   ehensive
                                                                                                                  n
                                                              c
                                                                                                               cal
                                                                                   al
                                                                                                   of
                                                                                                        physi
                                                                          udes
                                                                                     l
                                                                                                                   ,

                                                                                         forms
                                                                       ncl
                                                   nature  that  includes  all  forms  of  physical,
                                                                                         ,
                                                                                         l
                                                                                                       eco
                                                                                              and
                                                                                 sexua
                                                                                                           no
                                                                     verb
                                                   emo
                                                                ,
                                                          onal
                                                         ti
                                                   emotional,  verbal,  sexual,  and  economic
                                                                                                               mic
                                                                             ,
                                                                          al
                                                   viol ence  ,   and    co v er s   bot h   actu al    acts   of
                                                   violence,  and  covers  both  actual  acts  of  such such
                                                   viol ence   and  th r ea ts of  viol ence
                                                   violence and threats of violence. .
                                                   [PWDVA, 2005]
                                                                                        Section  375  of  the
                                                                                        Indian  Penal  Code
                                                                                        (IPC)          considers
                                                                                        forced         sex        in
                                                                                        marriage as a crime
                                                                                        only when the wife
                                                                                        is below age 15.
                                                         tal
                                                                                                       reco
                                                                                                  ke
                                                  Mari
                                                                                               ta
                                                                                          to
                                                                                       e
                                                                                                             urse
                                                                                  hav
                                                                      victims
                                                              rape
                                                  Marital  rape  victims  have  to  take  recourse
                                                  to  the   P rot ec  ti o n  of  Wo  men     from    Domes     ti c
                                                  to the Protection of Women from Domestic

                                                                                  W
                                                                               (P
                                                                                                         ef
                                                  Violence  Act  2005  (PWDVA)  for  relief.  The The
                                                  Viol
                                                                                                    reli
                                                                          05
                                                                                                           .
                                                                                              for

                                                           ce
                                                       en
                                                                      20
                                                                                     DVA)
                                                                Act

                                                                                                           2006

                                                                           came
                                                                     ch
                                                  PWDVA,  which  came  into  force  in  2006, ,
                                                                whi
                                                                                     into
                                                                                                 ce
                                                                                                      in
                                                                                                r
                                                                                             fo

                                                  outlaws marital rape.
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