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WOMEN IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

In the World India

Kadambini (Basu) Ganguly:
(18 July 1861 – 3 October 1923) She was the first
female graduates of the British Empire was also
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trained in western medicine. She studied medicine
Anandi Gopal Joshi:
(March 31, 1865 – February 26, 1887) In the year 1886 at the Calcutta Medical College, Calcutta and
Rosalind Franklin, Chemist graduated in 1886.
July 25, 1920-April 16, 1958 Marie Curie another women from India also obtained a degree in
Franklin is known for her revolutionary Western medicine but she graduated from Women’s
work in discovering the double helix We all know the name of this physicist and chemist,
structure of DNA. She passed away four but do you recall Marie Curie’s contributions to Medical College in Philadelphia, USA and thus became
years before her male colleagues were science? The Polish scientist studied at the first Indian to study medicine from abroad.
awarded with the Nobel Prize in Sorbonne, where she became the head of the
1962. Some believe that even if Franklin physics lab there in the early 1900s — when
had lived, she likely would have been women really did not teach science at European
snubbed by the committee. universities — and pioneered research in
radioactivity. She and her husband jointly won the
Nobel Prize in 1903. Elizabeth Blackwell Anna Mani: (23 August 1918 – 16 August 2001)
former Deputy Director General of the Indian
Elizabeth Blackwell, who was
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born in 1821, was the first t Rajeswari Chatterjee: She is the first Woman Scientist to Meteorological Department was an Indian physicist
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woman to graduate from and meteorologist. . She made s significant t
medical school in the United pioneer the Field of Microwave Engineering and contributions in the field of meteorological
States (Geneva Medical Antennae Engineering in India. She took and MS degree in
College in upstate New York), instrumentation.
Vera Rubin, Astronomer became an activist for poor Electrical Engineering from Michigan University, USA in
July 23, 1928-Dec. 25, 2016
women’s health, and went on 1949.
to found a medical school for
Rubin discovered the existence of dark women in England.
matter, the strange glue that holds our
universe together. Her contribution is
regarded as one of the most significant
discoveries of the 20th century — work
many feel should have been awarded a
Nobel Prize. Dr. Indira Hinduja: She is the first Indian women who
Dr. Suman Sahai: She is the founder of the Gene delivered a test tube baby on August 6, 1986. She has
Campaign in India. She is the voice of the millions of also pioneered the Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer
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f farmers all across the country. Her campaign is currently (GIFT) technique resulting in the birth of India’s first t
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Jennifer Doudna GIFT baby on 4 January 1988.
is one of the most running in 17 states across the country.
culturally significant
scientists studying today.
She helped developed
CRISPR, the genetic-
engineering method that
Gladys West, could allow for “designer
Mathematician babies” but also for the
West’s work in developing eradication or treatment of Rosalind Franklin Kiran Mazumdar Shaw: (born 23 March 1953) She
mathematical modelling of the shape sickle cell anemia, cystic Dr. Aditi Pant: She is an oceanographer by profession and is the Chairman & Managing Director, Biocon
of the Earth served as the foundation fibrosis, Huntington's born in 1920, was a British
of GPS technology. In 2018, she was disease, and HIV. She is a biophysicist known for is one of the first Indian woman to visit the icy continent Limited a biotechnology company based at
inducted into the U.S. Air Force professor at UC Berkeley. revolutionary work Antarctic. She was a part of the third Indian expedition to Bangalore. She is on the Forbes list of the world’s
Space and Missile Pioneers Hall of discovering DNA, as well as 100 most powerful women and in business list on
Fame, one of the Air Force space understanding X-rays and Antarctica in 1983-84 and was honoured with the
command’s highest honors. molecular structure Antarctica Award along with Sudipta Sengupta, Jaya top 50 women released by the Financial Times’.
Naithani and Kanwal Vilku for their outstanding
Flossie Wong- N a i t h a n i a n d K a n w a l V i l k u f o r t h e i r o u t s t a n d i n g
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and Molecular contribution to the Indian Antarctic programme.
Biologist
Aug. 27, 1947-
Jennifer Doudna, Kalpana Chawla: (March 17, 1962– February 1, 2003) She was
Wong-Staal was Biochemist
the first scientist to Feb. 19, 1964 the first Indian-American astronaut and first Indian woman in
clone HIV and space. She first flew on Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a
create a map of its Doudna was one of the
genes, which led to primary developers of Rita Levi-Montalcini Madhuri Mathur: About 40 years back she along with her mission specialist and primary robotic arm operator. The NASA
a test for the virus. chief called her a “Terrific astronaut”. On February 1, 2003, the
CRISPR, a ground-breaking The Italian neurologist Rita Levi- engineer husband devised Sumeet mixer grinder. Before her
Gertrude Elion technology for editing Montalcini won a Nobel in 1986 for U.S. space shuttle Columbia with a seven-member crew that
1918 genomes. The approach discovering what is known as Nerve venture, having a kitchen helper that could blend, chop, and
offers the promise to put growth factor. According to the New York mince at a touch of a button was just a dream for millions of included Chawla, 41, disintegrated in flames over central Texas
pharmacologist
A biochemist and an end to diseases. who Times, her work on nerve growth led to Indian women. It was her strenuous efforts, hard work, skills, shortly before it was scheduled to land at Cape Canaveral in
developed drugs to treat leukemia and
prevent kidney transplant rejection. discoveries on how that growth can go and labour that made Sumeet a household name. Florida.
wrong in diseases like dementia and
cancer.