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9.3 Adverb Clauses: Cause

We got lost because it was dark.
Main Clause Adverb Clause
Since it was raining hard, we stayed home.
Adverb Clause Main Clause

1. An adverb clause shows a relationship, Since the weather was nice, we went to the park.
such as cause, time, or condition. It begins Adverb Clause (Cause)
with a conjunction, such as because, She’s going to call us when her train arrives.
when, or if.
Adverb Clause (Time)
If it’s nice on Saturday, we’ll have a picnic.
Adverb Clause (Condition)
2. Adverb clauses are dependent clauses. ✓ I opened the window because it was hot.
They cannot stand alone as complete Main Clause Adverb Clause
sentences. Do not use an adverb clause ✗ Because it was hot.
without a main clause.
3. An adverb clause of cause begins with the I stayed home because it was raining.
conjunction because or since. It tells why Result Cause
an action or event happened (its cause). Since it was raining, I stayed home.
The main clause tells the result.
Cause Result
4. Remember: An adverb clause can Because I didn’t know the answer, I asked Meg.
come before or after the main clause. Since the train was late, we took a taxi.
Use a comma when the adverb clause
comes at the beginning of the sentence.

4 Look at the underlined clauses in each sentence. Label each clause C for cause or R for result.
C R
1. Since Mount Nyiragongo is so close, the city of Goma is in danger.

2. Scientists study volcanoes because they want to predict their eruptions.

3. The people of Goma are worried since there was a lot of damage after the last eruption.

4. Because some volcanoes don’t erupt often, people don’t worry about them.

5. Since volcanoes are so interesting, I like to read about them.

6. The film about volcanoes was popular because it had wonderful photography.

7. Since I’m afraid of volcanoes, I don’t go near them.

8. Lava is dangerous because it is extremely hot.

244 CONJUNCTIONS AND ADVErB CLAUSES
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