Page 47 - Clinical Biochemistry

• Malaise and fatigue (from decrease in energy)
• Blurred vision (swelling of lenses from osmotic effects)
Types of Diabetes Mellitus
• Type (1) diabetes mellitus: This term has replaced several former terms, including
childhood-onset diabetes, juvenile diabetes, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
• Type (2) diabetes mellitus: This term has replaced several former terms, including adult-
onset diabetes, obesity-related diabetes, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
(NIDDM).
• Type (3) diabetes mellitus: gestational diabetes (pregnancy diabetes).
Diagnosis of Diabetes
Diagnosis cannot be made from:
▪ Blood glucose strips read visually or by a meter.
▪ Urine testing.
▪ Glycosalated Haemoglobin - HbA1c.

Figure 16: Blood glucose strips

Diagnosis of Diabetes
Two pieces of evidence required
▪ Symptoms
▪ Random Venous Plasma Glucose > 11.1
▪ Fasting Venous Plasma Glucose > 7.0
▪ 2 Hour Venous Plasma Glucose > 11.1