Page 9 - Pharmaceutics IV (02-06-01305)

Parenterals: Advantages & disadvantages

Advantages

• It offers a predictable effect and nearly complete bioavailability. It
bypasses the oral absorption barrier and avoids first pass
metabolism, low oral bioavailability and high variability. Also, it offers
a high degree of flexibility of dose adjustment.

• Many drugs are available only as parenteral dosage forms. These
include most protein and peptide drugs (insulin), some antibiotics and
many anticancer compounds.

11

Parenterals: Advantages & disadvantages

Advantages

• It can be used when a rapid drug onset of action is desired, as in
emergencies. Intravenous (IV) injection delivers the drug directly into
the circulatory system, whereas peak blood levels may not be
achieved for one to two hours after a drug is administered orally.

• It is used when the patient is uncooperative, unconscious, or unable
to accept or tolerate oral medication. Fluids for hydration and
electrolyte replacement can also be administered this way (IV).

12

Salma E. EL-Habashy 6