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Microscopical Characters of the leaves:

Stramonium Belladonna Egyptian Hyoscyamus
Isobilateral
Mesophyll Dorsiventral

Stomata Anisocytic
Cuticle
Smooth Densely striated Striated

Non- Uniseriate Uniseriate
glandular
3-4 cells 2-6 Cells smooth
hair cuticle
Warty cuticle
enlarged base

Glandular Clavate
hair Unicellular stalk, multicellular head

Ca Ox - 2-4 cells Branched
Clusters Unbranched

Microsphenoids Prisms, twins

Constituents / Actions and Uses:

All three herbs contains tropane alkaloids:
1. dl - Atropine
2. l – Hyoscyamine
3. Hyoscine (Scopolamine)
Note that it is difficult to be certain weather the racemic mixture atropine is present in the plant
or produced due to extraction process that is known to cause racemization.

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