Page 24 - General Biochemistry

Lysosymes

A membrane bound organelle that is responsible for degrading proteins
and membranes in the cell, and also helps degrade materials ingested by
the cell.

Vacuoles

Membrane surrounded "bags" that contain water and storage materials
in plants.

Peroxisomes or Microbodies

Produce and degrade hydrogen peroxide, a toxic compound that can be
produced during metabolism.

Cell wall

Plants have a rigid cell wall in addition to their cell membranes

Cytoplasm

enclosed by the plasma membrane, liquid portion called cytosol
and it houses the membranous organelles.

Cytoskeleton

Arrays of protein filaments in the cytosol. Gives the cell its shape and
provides basis for movement. E.g. microtubules and microfilaments.

Hemoglobin

Introduction to Hemoglobin

• It is an oxygen/CO2 carrier protein present in the red blood corpuscles of
blood.

• Hemoglobin is a conjugated chromo-protein having heme as its prosthetic
group. Heme is also the prosthetic group of myoglobin, and cytochromes.

• Hemoglobin is formed by the combination of heme with globin (protein).
Globin is made up of four polypeptide chains. Two of these polypeptides are
known as alpha (α) and the other two are known as beta (β). Each alpha
chain has 141 amino acids and each beta chain has 146 amino acids, which
are arranged in a definite sequence.

• Its molecular weight is 65,000.

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