Page 183 - CISSO_Prep_ Guide

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), DHCP, and Network
Address Translation (NAT)

Many local area networks use the media access control (MAC)
address of the network interface card on a device for addressing.
When a computer is attached to a network, the physical
connection is via the NIC card. The MAC address is a 48-bit
address based on the manufacturer and the serial number of the
card (its physical address). When the device first connects to a
DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) enabled network,
it is assigned a 32 IP address (its logical address). The DHCP
server responds to a DHCP request from the newly connected
device and offers (DHCPOFFER) an IP address to the newly
connected device from its range of available IP addresses. The
IP address is assigned (or leased) to the device for a set time.