Page 102 - MNU microbiology theoritical 2025

General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401) Second level Semester 4 2024/2025

c) Membrane changes: alteration of human cell membrane through viral protein

incorporation and altered membrane permeability.

4-Production of toxic substances:

During the course of virus replication, many viral components as well as by-

products of viral replication accumulate in the cell. These are often cytotoxic.

5-Cell transformation into malignant cell

Lysogenic viruses may be dormant in the cell and eventually transform the

cell into a malignant cell.

6-Suppression of the immune system

Selected species of virus have the ability to alter human immune responses

(humoral and cellular) via alteration of immune cell metabolism or immune cell

lysis.

How Do Viruses Reproduce?
Entry of Virus into Host Cell

General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401) theoretical handbook Page 91