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General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401)         Second level                Semester 4                    2024/2025


                     According to presence or absence of envelope



                           Naked virus:                                        Enveloped viruses:

              no additional Covering outside capsid                  an envelope surrounds the protein coat

















                  spike or peplomers :

                  A  glycoprotein  project  from  the  capsid  or  the  envelope  and  are  involved  in

                  attaching the virus to the host cell (attachment proteins)









                -  Spikes bind to certain receptors on the

                    host cell; they are essential for both host

                    specificity and viral infectivity













                  General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401)   theoretical handbook             Page 83
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