Page 67 - The Errors the American National Academy of Sciences

S cience and Creationism also deals with

speciation, another of the classic errors of
S the evolutionists (Science and Creationism, p.

10). According to this booklet, "Scientists also have gained an
understanding of the processes by which new species origi-
nate." In this view, living things exposed to geographic isola-
tion—in other words separated from one another by geographical
borders—become increasingly different from the other members of
the group they have split away from, as a result of mutation, natural
selection, and other processes. The result is that new species eventu-

ally emerge. Or so the NAS claims. However, the fact is that the
process referred to here leads not to the emergence of new species,
but rather to variation—in other words to different forms within a
single species. What is misleading here is that the evolutionists use
the concept of "species"—which is in any case subject to debate—in
a manner to suit their theory.
Different experts in various areas of biology offer differing
definitions of "species." The biologist John Endler makes the fol-
lowing comment about the chaos these various definitions

have caused:
Species are "tools that are fashioned for characterizing or-
ganic diversity" (Lewin, 1979). Just as there are a variety
of chisels made for different purposes, different
species concepts are best for different purposes;
and just as it is inadvisable to use a carving
chisel to cut a mortise, problems arise
when one species concept is
used when it is in-