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longed to an ordinary ape species that became extinct and bore no re-
semblance to humans. 104
Evolutionists classify the next stage of human evolution as

"homo," that is "man." According to their claim, the living beings in the
Homo series are more developed than Australopithecus. Evolutionists
devise a fanciful evolution scheme by arranging different fossils of
these creatures in a particular order. This scheme is imaginary because
it has never been proved that there is an evolutionary relation between
these different classes. Ernst Mayr, one of the twentieth century's most
important evolutionists, contends in his book One Long Argument that
"particularly historical [puzzles] such as the origin of life or of Homo
sapiens, are extremely difficult and may even resist a final, satisfying
explanation." 105
By outlining the link chain as Australopithecus > Homo habilis >
Homo erectus > Homo sapiens, evolutionists imply that each of these
species is one another's ancestor. However, recent findings of paleoan-
thropologists have revealed that Australopithecus, Homo habilis, and

Homo erectus lived at different parts of the world at the same time. 106
Moreover, a certain segment of humans classified as Homo erectus
have lived up until very modern times. Homo sapiens neandarthalensis
and Homo sapiens sapiens (present-day man) co-existed in the same re-
gion. 107
This situation apparently indicates the invalidity of the claim that
they are ancestors of one another. The late Stephen Jay Gould explained
this deadlock of the theory of evolution although he was himself one of
the leading advocates of evolution in the twentieth century:
What has become of our ladder if there are three coexisting lineages of ho-
minids (A. africanus, the robust australopithecines, and H. habilis), none
clearly derived from another? Moreover, none of the three display any
evolutionary trends during their tenure on earth. 108

Communist China’s Policy
of Oppression in East Turkestan