Page 21 - Allah is Known through Reason

MORE EVIDENCE: COSMIC
BACKGROUND RADIATION

In 1965, two researchers by the name of Arno Penzias and Robert Wil-
son discovered these waves by chance. This radiation, called the ‘cosmic
background radiation’, did not seem to radiate from a particular source but
rather pervaded the whole of space. Thus, it was understood that the heat
waves that were radiated uniformly from all around space were left over
from the initial stages of the Big Bang. Penzias and Wilson were awarded
a Nobel Prize for their discovery.
In 1989, NASA sent the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite
into space to do research on cosmic background radiation. It took only
eight minutes for the sensitive scanners on this satellite to confirm the mea-
surements of Penzias and Wilson. The COBE had found the remains of the
big explosion that had taken place at the outset of the universe.
Defined as the greatest astronomic discovery of all times, this finding
explicitly proved the Big Bang theory. The findings of the COBE 2 satellite
which was sent into space after the COBE satellite also confirmed the cal-
culations based on the Big Bang.
Another important piece of evidence for the Big Bang was the amount
of hydrogen and helium in space. In the latest calculations, it was under-
stood that the hydrogen-helium concentration in the universe complied
with the theoretical calculations of the hydrogen-helium concentration
remaining from the Big Bang. If the universe had no beginning and if it
had existed since eternity, its hydrogen constituent should have been com-
pletely consumed and converted to helium.
All of this compelling evidence caused the Big Bang theory to be
embraced by the scientific community. The Big Bang model was the latest
point reached by science concerning the formation and beginning of the

universe.
Defending the steady-state theory alongside Fred Hoyle for years,
Dennis Sciama described the final position they had reached after all the
evidence for the Big Bang theory was revealed. Sciama stated that he had
taken part in the heated debate between the defenders of the steady-state

From Non-Being to Being 21