Page 201 - The Miracle of Protein

ADNAN OKTAR (HARUN YAHYA) 199

In addition, a number of preconditions must be met at the
same time, before even a single protein molecule can be synthe-
sized in the cell. These conditions, which are impossible to
come into being by chance, are briefly summarized below:

- For even the smallest protein to form, hundreds of amino
acids have to be arranged in specific numbers, varieties and se-
quences.
- A single amino acid too many—or too few, or in the
wrong place—could render the protein useless.
- All the amino acids in a protein must be left-handed. The

appearance of a single right-handed amino acid will impair the
protein's structure.
- Sufficient amounts of a different variety of amino acids
must exist in the cell for which, cell’s amino acid synthesis
mechanism must also be present. The 35 enzymes in charge of

this production in bacteria use the raw material produced by
the enzymes present in the cell. If the amino acid is obtained
outside the cell, special gates are required to allow their passage
through the membrane. Both the enzymes and the gates at the
membrane are made of proteins and those proteins are made of
amino acids.

- Amino acids must be bound with a special bond called a
peptide bond. This bond can be built only in the ribosome,
which is made of RNA and proteins. Furthermore, the hy-
drophobic environment of the ribosome is essential. Any other

chemical bond will deform the functional structure of the pro-
tein.
- The protein's three-dimensional structure is the most
sensitive aspect that endows it with functionality. Protein syn-
thesis is carried out in the ribosome inside of the cell with the
help of special enzymes, and in a wide variety of proteins, this