Page 88 - Prayer in the Qur'an

86 PRAYER IN THE QUR'AN

gion. 16
This situation apparently indicates the invalidity of the claim
that they are ancestors of one another. A paleontologist from
Harvard University, Stephen Jay Gould, explains this deadlock of
the theory of evolution, although he is an evolutionist himself:

What has become of our ladder if there are three coexisting lineages
of hominids (A. africanus, the robust australopithecines, and H. ha-
bilis), none clearly derived from another? Moreover, none of the
three display any evolutionary trends during their tenure on earth. 17
Put briefly, the scenario of human evolution, which is "upheld"
with the help of various drawings of some "half ape, half human"
creatures appearing in the media and course books, that is, frankly,
by means of propaganda, is nothing but a tale with no scientific
foundation.
Lord Solly Zuckerman, one of the most famous and respected

scientists in the U.K., who carried out research on this subject for
years and studied Australopithecus fossils for 15 years, finally con-
cluded, despite being an evolutionist himself, that there is, in fact,
no such family tree branching out from ape-like creatures to man.
Zuckerman also made an interesting "spectrum of science" rang-
ing from those he considered scientific to those he considered unsci-
entific. According to Zuckerman's spectrum, the most
"scientific"—that is, depending on concrete data—fields of science
are chemistry and physics. After them come the biological sciences
and then the social sciences. At the far end of the spectrum, which is
the part considered to be most "unscientific," are "extra-sensory per-
ception"—concepts such as telepathy and sixth sense—and finally
"human evolution." Zuckerman explains his reasoning:

We then move right off the register of objective truth into those fields