Page 12 - 08_Social_Studies and Population Education Book 8_2078 Revised and Updated Edition

Central planning, State level Basic and secondary
central bank, finance electricity, irrigation education

policies, monetary and water supply Basic health sanitation
and banking, services, navigation Distribution of land,
monetary policies, State universities, building ownership
foreign grants, aid higher education, certificates
and loans libraries, museums Drinking water, small
Foreign and Matters relating to electricity projects,
diplomatic affairs, the State Assembly, alternative energy

international relations State Council of Preservation and
and United Nations Ministers development of
related matters Intra-State trade, language, culture and
National State highways, arts

transportation Health services Local tax
policies, management Management of
of railways and lands, land records
national highways

In federal system, if the state government is found to be ineffective and

unsuccessful or if national emergency is declared, the federal government
controls and directs the concern states until other necessary arrangement is
made.

There are various political systems practiced in the world. They are not perfect
in themselves. Every political system has its merits and challenging factors.

Merits of federal system

Maintains close relation between the state and its people,
Optimum use of means and resources,

Conflict may settle at local level,
Wide public participation in government activities,

Preservation of local arts, culture and heritages,
Decentralization of power,

Acceleration of development works,

12 SOCIAL STUDIES - GRADE 8