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BACKGROUND
Recovering from a surgery a wound injury states of cachexia are associated with underlying
or post debilitating states like Tiberculosis inammatory process activate protein degradation
HIV and Burns can be challending. The and lipolytic pathways, resulting in tissue loss.
attending clinician will look for likely ways to
maintain the strength and speed and quality The branched chain amino acid leucine, the leucine
of healing and recovery. Increasing the body’s metabolite alpha-hydroxy-alpha methyltbyrate,
arginine, glutamine, 3 long chain fatty acids,
innate immunity to protect against infection,
conjugrated linoleic acid, and polyphenols have
re-injury and slow healing will make it easier demostrated some efcacy in animal and/or
for the patient to get active and independent human studies. Optimal treatment for cachexia
faster as well as to living and loving life again is likely aimed at maximizing muscle and adipose
synthesis while minimizing degradation
Chronic Infections (HIV, TB)
Chronic Infections (HIV, TB)
Chronic Infections (HIV , TB) Nutrition is clinical practice, Vol. 21 No.2,155-167 (2006)
Infectionus illnesses, such as Tuberculosis
R
ecovery F
rauma:
rom Burns, Surgery & T
Recovery From Burns, Surgery & Trauma:
and HIV, are accompanied by a complex Recovery From Burns, Surgery & Trauma:
variety of nutritional and metabolic response In burn patients periods of convalescence may
within the body. The response within the body. last for several months, resulting in as much of a
The response to infection is associated with: physiologic drain on the patient as the acute burn,
* An increase in the energy expenditure of the convascence can be greatly shortened by increased
patient and to optimal nutrition. Injury is followed by a period of
negative nitrogen balance. This period of negative
* Various degrees of Tissue breakdown.
nitrogen balance. This period of catabolism lasts for
Additionally, in the body’s attempt to ght the varing periods of time, depending upon the severity
infection energy expenditure is increased, therby of the injury. the daily nitrogen loss averages to
increasing energy needs in the patient. Patients 26.5g or 166g of protein. The daily negative nitrogen
chrachteristically present with loss of appetite balance averages 10.4g ot 65g of protein.
and body weight. complex changes occur in the Immediately after injury, an adequate intake cannot
metabolism of all the mactronutrients, i.e. protein be expected because the patient is usually not able
carbohydrate and fat. An increase in protein to take a full hospital tray. During this period, Nitrogen
breakdown for example leads to muscle depletion can be minimized by encouraging the patient
wasting in these patients. Such patients are to take high protein liquid mixture. the best method of
also known to have high lossed of protein minimizing protein. depletion seems to be by the use of
(nitrogen), which may result in malabsorption an acceptable high protein, between meal high protein
due to diarrhoea, loss of uids, electrolytes and s u p p l e m e n t i n l i q u i d f o r m .
o t h e r n u t r i t i o n a l r e s e r v e s .
similarly when it comes to recovery from trauma &
Cancer Cachexia :
Cancer Cachexia :
Cancer Cachexia :
Cachexia represent progressive wasting of surgery, there’s the obvious emotional and physicial
stress compounded by the stress caused by the actual
muscle and adipose tissue and is associated
with increased morbidity and mortality, althrough disease or trauma. inevitably, pain killer, drugs and sleep
anorexia usually accompanies canchexia rarely deprivation all add to the stress load, (See chart in next
responds to increased food intake alone. Our knowledge page)
