Page 15 - Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants Guidance Manual: Chapter 5 Potassium Permanganate, April 1999

5. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE

5. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE ...........................................................................................................5-1
5.1 POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE CHEMISTRY .............................................................................................5-1
5.1.1 Oxidation Potential.......................................................................................................................5-1
5.1.2 Ability To Form a Residual ..........................................................................................................5-1
5.2 GENERATION........................................................................................................................................5-1
5.3 PRIMARY USES AND POINTS OF APPLICATION ........................................................................................5-2
5.3.1 Primary Uses................................................................................................................................5-2
5.3.2 Points of Application....................................................................................................................5-4
5.4 PATHOGEN INACTIVATION AND DISINFECTION EFFICACY.......................................................................5-4
5.4.1 Inactivation Mechanisms ..............................................................................................................5-4
5.4.2 Environmental Effects ..................................................................................................................5-5
5.4.3 Use as a Disinfectant ....................................................................................................................5-5
5.5 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT FORMATION................................................................................................5-7
5.5.1 Chapel-Hill and Durham, North Carolina Water Treatment Plants.................................................5-7
5.5.2 American Water Works Association Research Foundation TTHM Study.......................................5-9
5.6 STATUS OF ANALYTICAL METHODS.......................................................................................................5-9
5.7 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS...........................................................................................................5-9
5.8 SUMMARY.......................................................................................................................................... 5-10
5.8.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Potassium Permanganate Use ................................................. 5-10
5.8.2 Summary Table.......................................................................................................................... 5-11
5.9 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 5-12

Table 5-1. Potassium Permanganate CT Values for 2-log Inactivation of MS-2 Bacteriophage ............................5-7
Table 5-2. Summary of Potassium Permanganate Use ....................................................................................... 5-12

April 1999 5-15 EPA Guidance Manual
Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants