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                                      Task: Car Stop Based on Pretext
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          Whren v. United States, 517 U.S. 806 (1996).
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               The fact that the particular officer used the traffic violation as an

               excuse to stop the vehicle for investigative purposes does not make

               the stop unlawful under the 4 Amendment if some objectively
                                                                  th
               reasonable police officer would have stopped the vehicle for the
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               violation in question.





          Caution: Traffic stops based upon an impermissible classification such
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               as race may still be challenged under the Constitution’s Equal

               Protection Clause.




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