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Task: Duty to Intervene in Any Unconstitutional Conduct
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Crawford v. City of Chicago 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 57720 (N. Dist.
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Illinois 2014).

• In order for an officer to be held liable under section 1983 in cases

of inaction, the plaintiff must show (1) that excessive force was
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being used, (2) that a citizen has been unjustifiably arrested, or (3)

that any constitutional violation has been committed by a law

enforcement official; and that officer had a realistic opportunity
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to intervene to prevent the harm from occurring.

* Note Some Federal Circuits have only applied Duty to Intervene in
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Force cases

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