Page 220 - 2014 Printable Abstract Book
P. 220
aminotransferase, elongation factor-1α, 14-3-3 protein δ, peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX-6), indicating that
energy metabolism, apoptosis and antioxidant pathways are involved. Radiation-induced oxidative stress
produces ROS that damage DNA and most other biological macromolecules and thus antioxidant defense
system plays a critical role in its treatment. We have reported that supplementation of well-established
antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and peroxiredoxin-6
(PRDX-6) could mitigate radiation-induced skin injury. Moreover, overexpression of the antioxidant switch
Nrf2 is also an effective alternative for this disease. Because radiation generates multiple types of ROS,
exploring whether a combination of antioxidant enzymes could be more effective in reducing radiation-
induced skin damage is warranted.
(PS3-55) A Method for Providing Consistent Gamma-Irradiated Surface Area with Uniform Dose to
Accommodate the Development of a Skin Model Using the Göttingen Minipig. R. Kim. Piper; Mark K.
Murphy; Jamie Lovaglio; and Karla D. Thrall; Pacific Northwest National Lab, Richland, WA
The overall objective of this task was to develop a skin model that provided a well-characterized
and documented understanding of the effectiveness of treatment for radiation-induced injuries to the
skin in a large animal model. The Göttingen Minipig was selected because it shares many of the same basic
anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pathology and pharmacology characteristics as humans; and because
of the smaller size, the well characterized and controlled genotypes, and the similarity to human skin with
regard to burn lesion induction and healing. The study protocol required the production of three separate
irradiation areas on the skin with doses ranging from 20 - 70 Gy using Co-60 gamma radiation, that the
geometrical areas of these lesions be consistent, and that the radiation dose be uniform throughout the
skin volume selected. The study also required that the collateral dose to other radiation-sensitive tissues
and organs from the skin irradiations be very minimal to ensure the health of the animal - and lesion
production and healing - were not impacted. In order to accommodate these study requirements, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory researchers developed a study design and irradiation geometry that
involved a 2.5-cm wide gamma beam incident at a glancing angle on the back of the minipig, with the
animal orthogonal to the beam. The height of the minipig relative to the height of the horizontal gamma
beam resulted in an irradiated skin volume approximately 2.5 cm wide, 10 cm long, and 1.5 cm deep on
the back of the minipig. This presentation describes the irradiation geometry, methods for reproducible
positioning of minipig, and the radiation dosimetry methods and results that show that bi-lateral
irradiation of the minipig with a narrow gamma beam at a glancing angle on the skin surface can meet the
study requirements. (Supported by federal funds from Department of Health and Human Services; Office
of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response; Biomedical Advanced Research and
Development Authority, under Contract No. HHSO100201300019C to Argentum Medical, LLC).
218 | P a g e
energy metabolism, apoptosis and antioxidant pathways are involved. Radiation-induced oxidative stress
produces ROS that damage DNA and most other biological macromolecules and thus antioxidant defense
system plays a critical role in its treatment. We have reported that supplementation of well-established
antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and peroxiredoxin-6
(PRDX-6) could mitigate radiation-induced skin injury. Moreover, overexpression of the antioxidant switch
Nrf2 is also an effective alternative for this disease. Because radiation generates multiple types of ROS,
exploring whether a combination of antioxidant enzymes could be more effective in reducing radiation-
induced skin damage is warranted.
(PS3-55) A Method for Providing Consistent Gamma-Irradiated Surface Area with Uniform Dose to
Accommodate the Development of a Skin Model Using the Göttingen Minipig. R. Kim. Piper; Mark K.
Murphy; Jamie Lovaglio; and Karla D. Thrall; Pacific Northwest National Lab, Richland, WA
The overall objective of this task was to develop a skin model that provided a well-characterized
and documented understanding of the effectiveness of treatment for radiation-induced injuries to the
skin in a large animal model. The Göttingen Minipig was selected because it shares many of the same basic
anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pathology and pharmacology characteristics as humans; and because
of the smaller size, the well characterized and controlled genotypes, and the similarity to human skin with
regard to burn lesion induction and healing. The study protocol required the production of three separate
irradiation areas on the skin with doses ranging from 20 - 70 Gy using Co-60 gamma radiation, that the
geometrical areas of these lesions be consistent, and that the radiation dose be uniform throughout the
skin volume selected. The study also required that the collateral dose to other radiation-sensitive tissues
and organs from the skin irradiations be very minimal to ensure the health of the animal - and lesion
production and healing - were not impacted. In order to accommodate these study requirements, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory researchers developed a study design and irradiation geometry that
involved a 2.5-cm wide gamma beam incident at a glancing angle on the back of the minipig, with the
animal orthogonal to the beam. The height of the minipig relative to the height of the horizontal gamma
beam resulted in an irradiated skin volume approximately 2.5 cm wide, 10 cm long, and 1.5 cm deep on
the back of the minipig. This presentation describes the irradiation geometry, methods for reproducible
positioning of minipig, and the radiation dosimetry methods and results that show that bi-lateral
irradiation of the minipig with a narrow gamma beam at a glancing angle on the skin surface can meet the
study requirements. (Supported by federal funds from Department of Health and Human Services; Office
of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response; Biomedical Advanced Research and
Development Authority, under Contract No. HHSO100201300019C to Argentum Medical, LLC).
218 | P a g e
