Page 42 - "Green Investments and financial technologies: opportunities and challenges for Uzbekistan" International Scientific and Practical Conference

“Yashil investitsiyalar va moliyaviy texnologiyalar: O‘zbekiston uchun imkoniyatlar va muammolar” mavzusida xalqaro
ilmiy-amaliy anjuman materiallari to‘plami (Toshkent, JIDU, 2025-yil 7-may)

Figure 1. Singapore green bond issue graph of years 2021 – 2025.

The Singapore government introduced the Singapore Green Bond Framework in
2022. Under this framework, the government plans to issue SGD 35 billion worth of
green bonds by 2030.
These bonds are intended to finance the following sectors:
• Renewable energy sources;
• Energy efficiency;
• Construction of green buildings;
• Clean transportation systems;
• Sustainable water and waste management;
• Climate change adaptation;
• Biodiversity conservation.
In 2023, the size of Singapore's green bond market reached SGD 38 billion,
representing a 7% increase compared to 2022.

The Singapore government has firmly implemented compliance with international
cybersecurity standards. In 2024, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS)
issued new Cyber Risk Management Guidelines, which were aligned with the
ISO/IEC 27001 international standard for information security. This enabled
financial institutions to restructure their information systems, data backup protocols,
user password management, and threat response mechanisms based on international
best practices. Given the high reliance of the financial sector on technology, in 2025,
MAS introduced an AI-Driven Threat Intelligence system. This artificial
intelligence-powered system detects information related to banks, fraud schemes,
and identity breaches across various web platforms, the darknet, or open networks,
and provides real-time alerts to financial institutions. According to statistical data,
Singapore’s financial sector identified 1.48 million cybersecurity incidents in 2023.
By the end of 2024, this number had decreased to 1.25 million, representing an

42