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The Necessity of Preparing Teacher Candidates to Teach Online    CHAPTER 6



                             Communication
                              Medium from    Online Tool
                              CoI Framework   Example       Skill Overview     Pedagogical Challenge
                            Setting Climate  Form-Making   Online forms can be embedded   Form tools require teacher
                                            Tools     into websites, documents, and   candidates to consider ways
                                                      even video and can provide   of developing formative
                                                      formative data to determine   assessments that encourage and
                                                      engagement with lesson   engage students.
                                                      material.

                            Teaching Presence  Web Design   Teacher candidates can set   Control over the online
                                            Options   up an online learning space   presentation of material requires
                                                      with a focus on readability and   teacher candidates to structure
                                                      accessibility of materials.  lessons that are accessible and
                                                                             engaging.
                            Selecting Content   Website   Teacher candidates can gather   Curating online resources
                                            Creation Tools  and manage the presentation of   requires teacher candidates
                                                      varied resources.      to review and select the most
                                                                             appropriate materials.

                           As teacher candidates develop their skills at designing instruction for online
                           learning environments, perhaps by creating thematic online learning experiences,
                           short lessons, or whole units, they will learn how to use the affordances of learning
                           management systems to enable collaborative activities and develop increasingly
                           refined methods of interacting with learners. Learning to use these tools complies
                           with ISTE Standard 6. Facilitator:

                               Educators facilitate learning with technology to support student achieve-
                               ment of the ISTE Standards for Students. Educators: 6b. Manage the use
                               of technology and student learning strategies in digital platforms, virtual
                               environments, hands-on makerspaces, or in the field. (ISTE, 2017)
                           As colleges and schools of education infuse technology integration curriculum
                           throughout their programs, specifically curriculum related to online instruction,
                           it is important to note that teacher candidates are still in the process of developing
                           basic competencies in curricular design for face-to-face classrooms. Adopting
                           a pedagogical strategy in a classroom is clearly a novel activity for most teacher
                           candidates at this stage of their development. Thinking about pedagogical strategies
                           for online teaching can provide important opportunities to think deeply about
                           teaching in general. Teacher functions such as providing resources, scaffolding





                                                       Championing Technology Infusion in Teacher Preparation  117



               Excerpted from Chapter 6, “The Necessity of Preparing Teacher Candidates to Teach Online.”





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