Page 723 - Makino,Tsutusi.DictionaryOfIntermediateJGrammar

APPENDIX 3 649
f. Formal forms
In formal speech, Prt. + Vmasu mashite is occasionally used instead of
Prt.+Vte. (Exs. G:&+$a LT; l:-$a LTGi)
g. More notations
= : Expressions which are interchangeable
= : Expressions which are similar but not always interchangeable
.........................................................................................................

The entries below are listed in a-i-u-e-o order.
xT [V -1 upon; after; in -ing
-
.
1 (32 ~:LPGI& L a -+,
-.L
(I will respond to you after thinking it over.)
I: l%L -
I: Lt Cw-LB< f;
C o>b%%Gi El$&W& 8T&+TA%@G:23,
(This dictionary is very useful in studying Japanese.)
(+ ue de)
Z2P [V _I by V-ing; because; result in; cause
bkL Lnill S KhTLS*L lid,
$L G~B~~CL=~IL~BT&Z~T%%@@~B~T~>~-~-,
(I try to lift my spirits by playing golf on weekends.)
d.iL 6wi Sbs ' kb, Ijbl
%&m$ &o>gG:&Tb>9f:~ 2~*%Gi&;tG:z LtLfz.?
(The situation got even more complicated because he appeared at the
mediation scene.)
(+ koto de)

kgT
[N _I depending on
I: It/, Li3 %l 11hlL
L
&
6 F&%T EI*O/I\ ~CEIXT&XJ j 0 a-s- A.
(Depending on your effort, you can (lit. will become able to) read
Japanese novels in Japanese.)
2%; 2SOlN [N -1 against; contrary to; reverse; opposite
d%li bfibh LLZilii:?
~$~k~@47kr;i~2@~;&b>Tb>&.
(The wind is blowing against us (lit. against the direction of our