Page 296 - ESSENTIAL LISTENING TO MUSIC

index
0’00’ (Cage), 258
4’33” (Cage), 258–259
1812 Overture, The (Tchaikovsky), 195, 221
A
AAB form, 91–94
AABB form, 45
AB (binary) form, 45, 46, 128, 187 ABA (ternary) form, 45–46, 117–124,
144–145, 187
ABACABA (rondo) form, 46–47, 130–132 absolute music, 188, 219
a cappella, 28, 61, 64–65
accelerando, 16
accent, 16, 19
A chantar m’er (I Must Sing ; Countess of Dia), 55 acoustic instruments, 6
Active Listening Guide, 9–10
Adams, John, 259–261, 265
Short Ride in a Fast Machine, 260–261 advertising, 2, 12, 13, 16, 47, 81, 103–104 Aeneid (Virgil), 75
Age of Discovery, 49
Age of Reason, 103–104, 113, 116, 123, 145 d’Agoult, Marie, 207
Aguilera, Christina, 50
Aida (Verdi), 200–201
Albers, Josef, 89
Alberti bass, 107
Alberti, Domenico, 107
Alexander III (tsar), 195
allegro, 16
Also sprach Zarathustra (R. Strauss),
13–14, 23, 31, 37, 194 alto, 31, 53, 89–90
Amadeus (film), 114, 124, 136, 147 “America,” 18, 125
American Constitution, 103 American Hustle (film), 256 American Modernism, 245–254 American Symphony Orchestra, 37 Americana, 247
amygdala, 3, 4
An die Freude (Schiller), 164–165
antecedent phrase, 106, 136–137
Anthrax, 234
Apocalypse Now (film), 207
Appalachian Spring (Copland), 247–250 “apps,” 2
“Are You Sleeping?” (“Frère Jacques”), 41 arias, 74–77
arpeggio, 34
Art of Fugue, The (Bach), 94
art songs, 172–178
Artist [Angelica Kauffmann] in the Character
of Design Listening to the Inspiration
of Poetry, The (Kauffmann), 106 As Vesta Was from Latmos Hill Descending
(Weelkes), 65, 66 atonal music, 241–244
audio quality, 10
Ave Maria (Hail Mary; Josquin Desprez), 59–61
274
B
Bach, Johann Christian, 111
Bach, Johann Sebastian, 12, 68, 70, 82, 87–94, 111,
169
church cantatas, 90–94
Organ Fugue in G minor, 88–90 Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme
(Awake, a Voice Is Calling), 91–94 Bacon, Francis, 255
Balakirev, Mily, 223
ballads, 174
ballet, 195
ballet music, 195–197, 235–240, 247–250 Ballets Russes (film), 235
Ballets russes (Russian Ballets), 235–240 bar lines, 18
Barber of Seville, The (Rossini), 199 Bard, The (Martin), 204
baritone, 31
Baroque period (1600–1750), 9, 67–100, 130, 231, 251
architecture, 68–69, 79, 88, 90, 94, 97 “baroque” as term, 68 characteristics of music, 70–73
harmony, 71–73
melody, 70–71
compared with Renaissance period, 70 early period, 73–77, 87
genre
chamber cantata, 72–73, 90, 98 church cantata, 90–94 concerto, 78, 81–85
fugue, 88–90, 94, 98
opera, 73–77, 82, 95–96 oratorio, 95, 96–100 program music, 78, 82–85
instrumental music/instruments, 38–39, 68, 71–73, 78–85
late period, 86–100
middle period, 78–85
painting, 68, 69–70, 74, 75, 79, 82, 83, 87, 89,
95, 99
text and music, 71, 73–77, 78, 82, 91–94, 95–100
Bartoli, Cosimo, 59 basilar membrane, 3 Basile, Adriana, 71 bass
as foundation of harmony, 28, 92 fugue, 89–90
ground bass, 76
string instrument, 33, 40, 71 vocal, 31, 53
walking, 92
bass clef, 22
bass drums, 37
basso continuo, 71, 72, 74, 76, 79, 80–81, 106–107,
139–140, 201 bassoon, 34, 35, 40
basso ostinato, 72, 76, 80–81
Bastien und Bastienne (Mozart), 111 Batman (film), 256
“Battle Hymn of the Republic” (Howe), 43 Bayreuth Festival, 205
Beat, 265
beat
defined, 16
durational grid and, 17
in popular music, 6, 7, 16, 18–19
Beatles, The, 29, 218, 259
“Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds,” 19
Beatriz, Countess of Dia, A chantar m’er (I Must Sing), 55
bebop, 253
Beethoven, Ludwig van, 39, 111, 151–166, 216
early years, 153–157
final years, 163–165, 174
as forward looking, 165–166
hearing loss, 12, 153, 157, 163–165, 169 “heroic”/middle period, 157–163
“musician as artist,” 152–154, 157, 168, 169 Piano Sonata, Opus 13, the “Pathétique”, 143,
154–157, 165
popularity of music, 152–153
Symphony No. 3 in E major, “Eroica,” 158 Symphony No. 5 in C minor, 12–13, 23, 40, 111,
158–163, 165, 185
Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Ode to Joy, 20–21,
25, 163–165, 262
in Vienna, 108, 109, 153–154, 219
bel canto (beautiful singing) opera, 183, 199, 201, 202, 212
Bella, Gabriele, 83
Beowulf, 203
Berg, Alban, 241
Berlioz, Hector, Symphonie fantastique,
185–194, 262 Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, 68–69
Bernstein, Leonard, 243
Beyoncé, 50, 209
“big bands,” 253
Billy the Kid (Copland), 247
binary form (AB), 45, 46, 128, 187 Birth of a Nation (film), 207
Birth of the Cool (Davis), 253
Bizet, Georges, Carmen, 12, 209–211 blues, 252–253
Blues Traveler, 81
Bonds, Mark Evan, 202
Bonnaroo Arts & Music Festival (Manchester, TN), 32 Bono, 31
“boogie-woogie” bass, 107
Boris Godunov (Musorgsky), 223
Borodin, Alexander, 223
Boston Symphony Orchestra, 8, 215
Botti, Chris, 253
Brahms, Johannes, 218–221
absolute music, 188
Violin Concerto in D major, 219–221 Wiegenlied (Lullaby), 43–44, 176, 218
brain
music and, 2, 3–4, 7, 16, 194, 264 sound perception, 2–4
Branch of an Almond Tree in Blossom
(van Gogh), 30, 40 brasses, 36, 55, 56, 78–80
in Classical orchestra, 136
of Middle Ages, 55–56
in Romantic orchestra, 185, 186, 189
♭
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