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‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻘﺴﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ؟‬
                ‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻭ ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ )‪ (32-16‬ﻓﺮﺩﹰﺍ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺻﻠﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ‬

                           ‫ﻟﻠﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻭﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺸﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ‪.‬‬
                                                                         ‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻻﻣﺸﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ ‪.‬‬

   ‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺸﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﺴﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ )‪-16‬‬
                                              ‫‪ (32‬ﻓﺮﺩ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺻﻐﺮ ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ‪.‬‬
                                                                     ‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻍ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺠﻲ ‪2019) .‬ﺩ‪(3‬‬

‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺯﻳﺠﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ )‪2‬ﺱ( ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺍﻻﻣﺸﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪﺕ ﺍﺳﻮﺍﻃﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺗﺤﺎﻁ ﺑﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻴﻠﻴﻠﻮﺯﻱ ﺳﻤﻴﻚ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬

                                 ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻌﻴﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻃﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
                                                               ‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻍ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺠﻲ؟ )‪2016‬ﺩ‪2‬ﺥ(‬

                     ‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺤﺼﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻲ ‪.‬‬
                                     ‫ﻋﻠﻞ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺤﺼﻞ ﻟﺰﻳﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ؟‬
                                                ‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﺗﻔﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﻮﺍﻃﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺗﺤﺎﻁ ﺑﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻴﻠﻴﻠﻮﺯﻱ ﺳﻤﻴﻚ‪.‬‬
                                             ‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ )ﻳﺤﺼﻞ( ﻟﻠﺒﻮﻍ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺠﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ؟‬

     ‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻴﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻃﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻧﻘﺴﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻴﺎ ﻟﺘﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻍ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ )ﺱ(‪.‬‬
                                        ‫ﻋﻠﻞ ‪ :‬ﻳﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻍ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺠﻲ ﺍﻧﻘﺴﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻴﺎ ؟ )‪2017‬ﺩ‪2019 ، 3‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

     ‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻍ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ )ﺱ( ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
                                      ‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﻘﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻮﻍ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺠﻲ ؟ )ﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ(‪.‬‬

                                     ‫ﻋﻠﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ؟ )‪ 2017‬ﺩ‪(3‬‬
                ‫ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻀﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ؟ )‪ 2018‬ﺩ‪ 2‬ﺥ(‬

                            ‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻘﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻲ ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻣﻮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ )ﺱ(‪.‬‬

                                        ‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻼﺟﻨﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ‪.‬‬

              ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪.‬‬                     ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ )‪ (32-16‬ﻓﺮﺩﺍﹰ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ‬     ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﺳﺘﺔ‬

   ‫ﻟﻠﻜﻼﻣﻴﺪﻭﻣﻮﻧﺎﺱ ﺍﻻﻡ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺗﺪﻋﻰ‬          ‫ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺑﻮﺍﻍ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء‪.‬‬
                            ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺸﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ‪.‬‬
                                                                   ‫ﻻ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻧﻘﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻲ‪.‬‬
      ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻧﻘﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻍ‬
      ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺠﻲ ﺍﻧﻘﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﺰﺍﻟﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻜﻮﻧﻪ‪.‬‬                          ‫ﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺸﺎﺝ‪.‬‬
                                                          ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
                 ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺸﺎﺝ ﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ‪.‬‬      ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻠﻮﺯﻱ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺻﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
                  ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻼﻟﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

    ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻠﻮﺯﻱ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺻﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
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