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4                         Part I.
                       latter was killod. Nadir then proceodcd to invest Baghdad; but as his presence
                       was required urgontly elsewhere, ho agreed to the terms proposed by the Pasha
                       of Baghdad, nnmoly, that Turkey and Persia should repossess tho countries
                       that had belonged to them on tho reign of Shah Sultan Hussain bol'oro tho
                       Afghan invasion. As theso torms wero not accepted by the Porto, Nadir
                       hastened to occupy Armenia and Gorgia and defeated the Turks in the battle
                       of Baghvand near Erivan. “This victory” writes Malcolm “was followed by tho
                       submission of tho cities of Gunjali and Teflis-; and tlioso of Kars aUd Erivan,
                       with all former possessions of the Porsians in that quarter, wero soon after­
                       wards coded to him by tho polioy of tho Ottoman Court; who taught by mis-
                         • Appendix No. 2 (Peril*) Ailehuon't Treatitt fortunO, WerO glad to Conclude a pea00*
                       1832), voiumo x.               0n the basis, which had boon beforo set­
                       tled by tho Pashaf of Baghdad.” This was in the year 173G.

                           11.  The East Indian Company’s faotories in Porsia and at Basrah wore at
                       this time in great straits on account of tho wars between Persia and Turkey.
                       The Agency at Gombroon was in great danger of being embroiled on tho war
                       by being forced to assist Nadir with the Company’s ships and tho President
                       and Council at Bombay was proparod, in order to avoid worse evils, to sell
                       ships to him, though tho Company’s policy was to make every endeavour to
                       prevent their being embroiled in tho troubles, (Bombay Govornmont’s Reso­
                       lution dated 22nd October 1735. Selections, No, XXXV1I1).
                           12.  Persia was soon again engaged in a war with Turkey and in 1744,
                       t Turkish Arabia prieit, 1016-1846, paragraph 67.  “ The Persians laid + siege to Basrah with
                       stcieetion from state Papvt lsvo-isoo, Xo XLV. 12,000 men which continued from 28th
                       August to 27th November, when it was raised by Shaw Nadir’s orders, and tho
                       army with their artillery marched away tho 6th December”. Nadir Shah
                       marched to the north and gained a great battle near Eriven. A peace was
                       then (in 17*6) concluded between Persia and Turkey. It was agreed
                        that prisoners on both sides should ho released; that the Persian pilgrims
                       going to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina should be protected; and
                       that the whole of the provinces of Irak and Azerbijan should remain with Persia
                       except an inconsiderable territory that had belonged to the Turkish Govern­
                       ment on the time of Shah Ismail, the first of tho Suffavin Kings. The treaty
                       of 1746 is printed as Appendix No. 3 Persia of Ailchinson’s Treaties, Volume
                       X. In 1747 another troaty was concluded between the two powers, by which
                       certain parts of Irak and Azerbaijan were ceded by Persia to Turkey. (See
                       Appendix No. 4 Persia of the same book.)
                           13. We find from a letter^ of the Agent at Gombroon, dated 7th June 1749,
                                                     that Ibrahim Shah, a nephew of Nadir
                        \Turkish Arabia Prteii, 1646*1848, paragraph 72.
                                                     Shah, who bad proclaimed himself Shah,
                       was then making preparations for a war with Turkey. Ibrahim Shah was,
                       however, murdered soon after, and the projected war came to nothing.
                           14. The next great war (1775-79) with Turkey—was carried by Karim
                       Khan. The principal causes alleged by him for declaring the war were (1) the
                       levy of taxes by Omar, the Pasha of Baghdad, on Persian pilgrims to Kerbella
                       and Najaf, and (2) Omar was also accused of having aided the Imam of Maskat,
                       and thus prevented the Persians from subduing the province of Oman. The
                       bead of Omar was demanded by Karim Khan and refused by tho Porte.
                       Saduk Khan, Karim Khan’s brother, was then despatched with a force of 60,000
                       to Basrah, wliioli proceeded along the coast, while a fleet of 30 vessels sailed
                       from Bushire and Bunder Rig to assist the land operations. The inefficient
                       Turkish fleet offered weak resistenco to the Persian ships, and the whole Persian
                       Army was allowed to cross the river to the Basrah side with little opposition.
                       Basrah was invested by the Persian Army on the 7th April 1775 and was   sur-
                       rendered by tho Turks to the Persians on 16th April 1676. Saduk Khan treated
                       the conquered city with great consideration and did everything to reconcile
                       the inhabitants. Great preparations were made by the Turks to retake Basra
                       and invade Persia. But the war died a natural death on the death of Karim
                       Khan in 1779, and Basrah was thereupon abandoned by Saduk Khan, (see
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