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SPELLING RULES

1. Single-syllable words ending in one consonant preceded by one vowel, double

the last letter:

run + ing = running

big + est = biggest

hot + ter = hotter

Accent on Last Syllable Accent Not on Last Syllable

refer + ing = referring differ + ence = difference

regret + able = regrettable deliver = ance = deliverance

Exceptions: words ending in w and x, as in vowing & taxing

2. Words ending in one consonant preceded by two vowels, do not double the last

letter:

Examples: sail + or = sailor wear + ing = wearing

3. Words ending in two consonants, do not double the last letter:

Examples: debt + or = debtor yard + age = yardage

4. Words ending in y preceded by a vowel do not change in making various forms:

Examples: key and keying buy and buying

obey and obeying pay and paying

5. Words ending in y preceded by a consonant usually change to I :

Examples: beauty and beautiful accompany and accompaniment
lady and ladies cry and cries

Exceptions: shy and shyness cry and crying

lady and ladylike

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