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ain within +/-6% at LT level. There is the possibility at 11 / 6kV and few are at 20kV and 3.3 kV, due to past
of overheating and malfunctioning of equipment due legacies. Thereafter, electricity is transported to numerous
to shortage of voltage. Therefore, dropping the voltage distribution transformers and voltage is transformed at
below the specified limit warrants the attention of the 400V / 230V to supply million consumers via low voltage
utility to resolve which may involve CAPEX investment in network.
terms of renovation of the existing lines, or drawing new
lines, or installation of new DTR. The last mile connectivity to most of the consumers is
at M/LV level i.e. 420/230 V. CESC to meet its demand
Presently, the allocated budget to resolve Low voltage has developed a reliable & robust vast M/LV network
issues is disbursed among several cases based on the consisting of 8700+ DTRs, 13000+ ckt km of OH & UG M/
public grievance, previous history, gut feeling, the LV lines.
availability of space and political influence without any
prioritization in terms of financial benefits. One of the main challenges for electricity distribution
companies in the MV/LV public distribution network is
In terms of technological and economic sustainability, “Low Voltage”.
network and investment planning (N&IP) is a critical
aspect; therefore, a crucial success aspect is to specify a
the amount of CAPEX in the long term by investment a
rationale, in line with the company development and P
financial plan. A data-centric approach to optimize c
the investment is the need of the hour which will cook a
thousands of low voltage database and generate a priority b
list based on critical predefined weighted parameters & a
AI/ML techniques. It concludes by providing information o
on the action plan and future prospects of this method in b
the CESC’s distribution system.
DESCRIPTION OF DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK STRUCTURE
CESC, India’s first fully integrated electrical utility company,
has been in this energy sector since 1899. CESC is the
sole distributor of electricity within an area of 567 sq. km. FiguFriegu1r.eB1:asBiacsicPPoowweerrFFlolwowDiaDgriaamgrofaCmESoCf’s CNeEtwSoCrk’s Network
winhKicohlkiantcalu&deHdoowmraehstiacn, idndsuersvtreiasl,3a.n4dmciollmiomn ecrocniasluumseerrssA. .
Major Causes of Low Voltage common causes of low
a) OMvaejorlroCaaduinsge:sOofneLoowf tVheolmtaogset
Electricity available from generating stations and importvoltagae) iOs vtheerlooavdeirnlgo:adOineg oof tthhee smysotestmc.oDmimffoenrenctautismeses of the
points is mostly bussed at 220 and 132kV. Electricity isd, ay, sucohf laosw lvaoteltageeveins inthge, oavreerlotaydpiincgalolyf theighsysdteemm. and for
thereafter, transported to 220/132/33kV and 132/33kVdomesticDiaffreereanst dtiumeestof athire dcoayn, dsiutciohnaesrslatecaeuvseinnigng,oavrerloading
substations through EHV network and the voltage level(high cutryrpeicnatl)ly ohfighddisetmribanudtofrosr dwomhiecshtic tarriegagsedruse tthoeairhigh IR
is brought down to 33kV. There is one consumer directly(voltage)codnrdoitpio. nIenrs icnaduusisntgriaolveprloocakdeintg a(lhsiog,h hciugrrhenbt)raonf ch load M
w
served at 132kV and few consumers fed at 33kV. Voltageoriginatedsistthriebulotowrsvwohlticahgetripgrgoebrslethme ihnigshuIbRs(evqolutaegnet)sdercotpio. ns.
H
is further brought down to 11kV and/or 6kV at 33/11,6kV b) DisIntainndcues:trDialisptoacnkceet ailsoa, nhoigthhebrrafnacchtoloratdhoartiggineanteersates low n
substations. There are about 1900 consumers suppliedvoltage pthreoblolwemvosl.taIgne pcraosbelemofinlosunbgsedqiusetrnitbsuetcotirosn, s.due to high s
resistance (R) even with low load, causes high IR drop, A
resulting in low voltage at fag end. P
c) Unbalancing: Furthermore, the uneven distribution of the
si7ng6le-phase consumers in three phases causes diminishing
voltage in the loaded phase.
d) Corrosive Lines: The corroded condition of overhead
of overheating and malfunctioning of equipment due legacies. Thereafter, electricity is transported to numerous
to shortage of voltage. Therefore, dropping the voltage distribution transformers and voltage is transformed at
below the specified limit warrants the attention of the 400V / 230V to supply million consumers via low voltage
utility to resolve which may involve CAPEX investment in network.
terms of renovation of the existing lines, or drawing new
lines, or installation of new DTR. The last mile connectivity to most of the consumers is
at M/LV level i.e. 420/230 V. CESC to meet its demand
Presently, the allocated budget to resolve Low voltage has developed a reliable & robust vast M/LV network
issues is disbursed among several cases based on the consisting of 8700+ DTRs, 13000+ ckt km of OH & UG M/
public grievance, previous history, gut feeling, the LV lines.
availability of space and political influence without any
prioritization in terms of financial benefits. One of the main challenges for electricity distribution
companies in the MV/LV public distribution network is
In terms of technological and economic sustainability, “Low Voltage”.
network and investment planning (N&IP) is a critical
aspect; therefore, a crucial success aspect is to specify a
the amount of CAPEX in the long term by investment a
rationale, in line with the company development and P
financial plan. A data-centric approach to optimize c
the investment is the need of the hour which will cook a
thousands of low voltage database and generate a priority b
list based on critical predefined weighted parameters & a
AI/ML techniques. It concludes by providing information o
on the action plan and future prospects of this method in b
the CESC’s distribution system.
DESCRIPTION OF DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK STRUCTURE
CESC, India’s first fully integrated electrical utility company,
has been in this energy sector since 1899. CESC is the
sole distributor of electricity within an area of 567 sq. km. FiguFriegu1r.eB1:asBiacsicPPoowweerrFFlolwowDiaDgriaamgrofaCmESoCf’s CNeEtwSoCrk’s Network
winhKicohlkiantcalu&deHdoowmraehstiacn, idndsuersvtreiasl,3a.n4dmciollmiomn ecrocniasluumseerrssA. .
Major Causes of Low Voltage common causes of low
a) OMvaejorlroCaaduinsge:sOofneLoowf tVheolmtaogset
Electricity available from generating stations and importvoltagae) iOs vtheerlooavdeirnlgo:adOineg oof tthhee smysotestmc.oDmimffoenrenctautismeses of the
points is mostly bussed at 220 and 132kV. Electricity isd, ay, sucohf laosw lvaoteltageeveins inthge, oavreerlotaydpiincgalolyf theighsysdteemm. and for
thereafter, transported to 220/132/33kV and 132/33kVdomesticDiaffreereanst dtiumeestof athire dcoayn, dsiutciohnaesrslatecaeuvseinnigng,oavrerloading
substations through EHV network and the voltage level(high cutryrpeicnatl)ly ohfighddisetmribanudtofrosr dwomhiecshtic tarriegagsedruse tthoeairhigh IR
is brought down to 33kV. There is one consumer directly(voltage)codnrdoitpio. nIenrs icnaduusisntgriaolveprloocakdeintg a(lhsiog,h hciugrrhenbt)raonf ch load M
w
served at 132kV and few consumers fed at 33kV. Voltageoriginatedsistthriebulotowrsvwohlticahgetripgrgoebrslethme ihnigshuIbRs(evqolutaegnet)sdercotpio. ns.
H
is further brought down to 11kV and/or 6kV at 33/11,6kV b) DisIntainndcues:trDialisptoacnkceet ailsoa, nhoigthhebrrafnacchtoloratdhoartiggineanteersates low n
substations. There are about 1900 consumers suppliedvoltage pthreoblolwemvosl.taIgne pcraosbelemofinlosunbgsedqiusetrnitbsuetcotirosn, s.due to high s
resistance (R) even with low load, causes high IR drop, A
resulting in low voltage at fag end. P
c) Unbalancing: Furthermore, the uneven distribution of the
si7ng6le-phase consumers in three phases causes diminishing
voltage in the loaded phase.
d) Corrosive Lines: The corroded condition of overhead
