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cardiovascular disease. For example, a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that among middle-aged men, those who engaged in regular physical activity had a 35% lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease than those who were inactive (1). Similarly, a study published in the journal Circulation found that regular exercise reduced blood pressure in individuals with hypertension (2).
Weight management: Exercise can help to regulate body weight by increasing energy expenditure and promoting fat loss. According to a review published in the journal Obesity Reviews, exercise can lead to modest weight loss in overweight and obese individuals, and may be more effective when combined with dietary changes (3). Additionally, regular exercise can help to build and maintain muscle mass, which can further aid in weight management.
Improved bone density: Regular weight-bearing exercise, such as running, jumping, or resistance training, has been shown to improve bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. According to a review published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, weight-bearing exercise has been shown to increase bone density in premenopausal women, postmenopausal women, and men (4).
Reduced risk of chronic diseases: Regular exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, certain types of cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. For example, a study published in the journal Diabetes Care found that individuals who engaged in regular physical activity had a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, even after controlling for other factors such as body weight (5). Similarly, a study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that regular exercise was associated with a reduced risk of certain types of cancer, including breast, colon, and endometrial cancer (6).
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