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Appendix 1: Glossary Absolute value function
The function given by .
association
In statistics we say that there is an association between two variables if the two variables are statistically related to each other; if the value of one of the variables can be used to estimate the value of the other.
average rate of change
The average rate of change of a function between inputs and is the change in the outputs divided by the change in the inputs: .
bell-shaped distribution
A distribution whose dot plot or histogram takes the form of a bell with most of the data clustered near the center and fewer points farther from the center.
bimodal distribution
A distribution with two very common data values seen in a dot plot or histogram as distinct peaks.
categorical data
Categorical data are data where the values are categories. For example, the breeds of 10 diWerent dogs are categorical data. Another example is the colors of 100 diWerent Uowers.
categorical variable
A variable that takes on values which can be divided into groups or categories. For example, color is a categorical variable which can take on the values, red, blue, green, etc.
causal relationship
Arelationship is one in which a change in one of the variables causes a change in the other variable.
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Course Guide Algebra
