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constraint
An limitation on the possible values of variables in a model, often expressed by an equation or inequality or by specifying that the value must be an integer. For example, distance above the ground , in meters, might be constrained to be non-negative, expressed by .
correlation coe=cient
A number between -1 and 1 that describes the strength and direction of a linear association between two numerical variables. The sign of the correlation coeVcient is the same as the sign of the slope of the best Tt line. The closer the correlation coeVcient is to 0, the weaker the linear relationship. When the correlation coeVcient is closer to 1 or -1, the linear model Tts the data better.
decreasing (function)
A function is decreasing if its outputs get smaller as the inputs get larger, resulting in a downward sloping graph as you move from left to right. A function can also be decreasing just for a restricted range of inputs. For example the function given by is decreasing for because the graph slopes downward to the right of the vertical axis.
distribution
For a numerical or categorical data set, the distribution tells you how many of each value or each category there are in the data set.
domain
The domain of a function is the set of all of its possible input values.
elimination
A method of solving a system of two equations in two variables where you add or subtract a multiple of one equation to another in order to get an equation with only one of the variables (thus eliminating the other variable).
factored form (of a quadratic expression)
A quadratic expression that is written as the product of a constant times two linear factors is said to be in factored form. For example, and are both in factored form.
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