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polynomial
A polynomial function of is a function given by a sum of terms, each of which is a constant times a whole number power of .
Pythagorean identity
The identity relating the sine and cosine of a number. It is called the Pythagorean identity because it follows from the Pythagorean theorem.
random
If all the outcomes of a chance experiment are equally likely, then we say the outcomes are random, or that they happen at random.
random selection
A selection process by where each item in a set has an equal probability of being selected.
rational function
A rational function is a function deSned by a fraction with polynomials in the numerator and denominator. Rational functions include polynomials because a polynomial can be written as a fraction wtih denominator 1.
real number
A number on the number line.
recursive de>nition
A way of deSning a sequence that states how to calculate each term of the sequence based on the previous term, along with any necessary initial conditions.
relative frequency histogram
A histogram where the height of each bar is the fraction of the entire data set that falls into the corresponding interval (that is, it is the relative frequency with which the data values fall into that interval).
relative maximum
A point on the graph of a function that is higher than any of the points around it.
relative minimum
A point on the graph of a function that is lower than any of the points around it.
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