Page 79 - 2018_IFC

DEFINITIONS

SELF-PRESERVATION, INCAPABLE OF. See “Incapa- SMOKE ALARM. A single- or multiple-station alarm
ble of self-preservation.” responsive to smoke. See also “Single-station smoke alarm”
and “Multiple-station smoke alarm.”
SELF-SERVICE MOTOR FUEL-DISPENSING FACIL-
ITY. That portion of motor fuel-dispensing facility where liq- [BF] SMOKE BARRIER. A continuous membrane, either
uid motor fuels are dispensed from fixed approved vertical or horizontal, such as a wall, floor, or ceiling assem-
dispensing equipment into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles by bly, that is designed and constructed to restrict the movement
persons other than a motor fuel-dispensing facility attendant. of smoke.
SEMICONDUCTOR FABRICATION FACILITY. A [BG] SMOKE COMPARTMENT. A space within a build-
building or a portion of a building in which electrical circuits ing enclosed by smoke barriers on all sides, including the top
or devices are created on solid crystalline substances having and bottom.
electrical conductivity greater than insulators but less than
conductors. These circuits or devices are commonly known [BF] SMOKE DAMPER. A listed device installed in ducts
as semiconductors. and air transfer openings designed to resist the passage of
smoke. The device is installed to operate automatically, con-
SERVICE CORRIDOR. A fully enclosed passage used for trolled by a smoke detection system, and where required, is
transporting HPM and purposes other than required means of capable of being positioned from a fire command center.
egress.
SMOKE DETECTOR. A listed device that senses visible or
SHELF STORAGE. Storage on shelves less than 30 inches invisible particles of combustion.
(762 mm) deep with the distance between shelves not exceed-
ing 3 feet (914 mm) vertically. For other shelving arrange- SMOKE PARTITION. A wall assembly that extends from
ments, see the requirements for rack storage. the top of the foundation or floor below to the underside of
the floor or roof sheathing, deck or slab above or to the under-
SINGLE-STATION SMOKE ALARM. An assembly side of the ceiling above where the ceiling membrane is con-
incorporating the detector, the control equipment and the structed to limit the transfer of smoke.
alarm-sounding device in one unit, operated from a power
supply either in the unit or obtained at the point of installa- [BG] SMOKE-DEVELOPED INDEX. A comparative
tion. measure, expressed as a dimensionless number, derived from
measurements of smoke obscuration versus time for a mate-
[BG] SITE. A parcel of land bounded by a lot line or a desig- rial tested in accordance with ASTM E84.
nated portion of a public right-of-way.
SMOKELESS PROPELLANTS. Solid propellants, com-
[BG] SITE-FABRICATED STRETCH SYSTEM. A sys-
monly referred to as smokeless powders, used in small arms
tem, fabricated on site and intended for acoustical, tackable ammunition, cannons, rockets, propellant-actuated devices
or aesthetic purposes, that is composed of three elements:
and similar articles.
1. A frame constructed of plastic, wood, metal or other
material used to hold fabric in place. [BF] SMOKEPROOF ENCLOSURE. An interior exit
stairway designed and constructed so that the movement of
2. A core material (infill, with the correct properties for the products of combustion produced by a fire occurring in
the application). any part of the building into the enclosure is limited.
3. An outside layer, comprised of a textile, fabric or vinyl, [BE] SMOKE-PROTECTED ASSEMBLY SEATING.
that is stretched taut and held in place by tension or Seating served by means of egress that is not subject to
mechanical fasteners via the frame. smoke accumulation within or under a structure for a speci-
SKY LANTERN. An unmanned device with a fuel source fied design time by means of passive design or by mechanical
that incorporates an open flame in order to make the device ventilation.
airborne.
SOLID. A material that has a melting point and decomposes
[BG] SLEEPING UNIT. A single unit providing rooms or or sublimes at a temperature greater than 68°F (20°C).
spaces for one or more persons that includes permanent pro- SOLID BIOFUEL. Densified biomass made in the form of
visions for sleeping and can include provisions for living, eat- cubiform, polyhedral, polyhydric or cylindrical units, pro-
ing and either sanitation or kitchen facilities but not both. duced by compressing milled biomass.
Such rooms and spaces that are also part of a dwelling unit
are not sleeping units. SOLID BIOMASS FEEDSTOCK. The basic materials of
which solid biofuel is composed, manufactured or made.
SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION. A shotgun, rifle or pistol
cartridge and any cartridge for propellant-actuated devices. SOLID SHELVING. Shelving that is solid, slatted or of
This definition does not include military ammunition contain- other construction located in racks and which obstructs sprin-
ing bursting charges or incendiary, trace, spotting or pyro- kler discharge down into the racks.
technic projectiles.
SOLVENT DISTILLATION UNIT. An appliance that
SMALL ARMS PRIMERS. Small percussion-sensitive receives contaminated flammable or combustible liquids and
explosive charges, encased in a cap, used to ignite propellant which distills the contents to remove contaminants and
powder. recover the solvents.

46 2018 INTERNATIONAL FIRE CODE ®
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