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DEFINITIONS

INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLY. A water supply that NUISANCE. Public nuisance as known in common law or in
serves one or more families, and that is not an approved pub- equity jurisprudence; whatever is dangerous to human life or
lic water supply. detrimental to health; whatever structure or premises is not
sufficiently ventilated, sewered, drained, cleaned or lighted,
INTERCEPTOR. A device designed and installed to sepa-
rate and retain for removal, by automatic or manual means, with respect to its intended occupancy; and whatever renders
deleterious, hazardous or undesirable matter from normal the air, or human food, drink or water supply unwholesome.
wastes, while permitting normal sewage or wastes to dis- [A] OCCUPANCY. The purpose for which a building or
charge into the drainage system by gravity. portion thereof is utilized or occupied.
JOINT. OFFSET. A combination of approved bends that makes two
changes in direction bringing one section of the pipe out of
Expansion. A loop, return bend or return offset that pro-
vides for the expansion and contraction in a piping system line but into a line parallel with the other section.
and is utilized in tall buildings or where there is a rapid ON-SITE NONPOTABLE WATER REUSE SYSTEM. A
change of temperature, as in power plants, steam rooms water system for the collection, treatment, storage, distribu-
and similar occupancies. tion and reuse of nonpotable water generated on site, includ-
ing but not limited to a gray water system. This definition
Flexible. Any joint between two pipes that permits one
pipe to be deflected or moved without movement or does not include a rainwater harvesting system.
deflection of the other pipe. OPEN AIR. Outside the structure.
Mechanical. See “Mechanical joint.” PLUMBING. The practice, materials and fixtures utilized in
the installation, maintenance, extension and alteration of all
Slip. A type of joint made by means of a washer or a spe- piping, fixtures, plumbing appliances and plumbing appurte-
cial type of packing compound in which one pipe is nances, within or adjacent to any structure, in connection
slipped into the end of an adjacent pipe.
with sanitary drainage or storm drainage facilities; venting
LEAD-FREE SOLDER AND FLUX. Containing not more systems; and public or private water supply systems.
than 0.2-percent lead.
PLUMBING APPLIANCE. Water or drain-connected
LEADER. An exterior drainage pipe for conveying storm devices intended to perform a special function. These
water from roof or gutter drains to an approved means of dis- devices have their operation or control dependent on one or
posal. more energized components, such as motors, controls or heat-
MACERATING TOILET SYSTEM. An assembly consist- ing elements. Such devices are manually adjusted or con-
ing of a water closet and sump with a macerating pump that is trolled by the owner or operator, or are operated
designed to collect, grind and pump wastes from the water automatically through one or more of the following actions: a
closet and up to two other fixtures connected to the sump. time cycle, a temperature range, a pressure range, a measured
volume or weight.
MAIN. The principal pipe artery to which branches are con-
nected. PLUMBING APPURTENANCE. A manufactured device,
prefabricated assembly or on-the-job assembly of component
MANIFOLD. See “Plumbing appurtenance.”
parts that is an adjunct to the basic piping system and plumb-
[M] MECHANICAL JOINT. A connection between pipes, ing fixtures. An appurtenance does not demand additional
fittings, or pipes and fittings that is not screwed, caulked, water supply and does not add any discharge load to a fixture
threaded, soldered, solvent cemented, brazed, welded or heat or to the drainage system.
fused. A joint in which compression is applied along the cen- PLUMBING FIXTURE. A receptacle or device that is con-
terline of the pieces being joined. In some applications, the nected to a water supply system or discharges to a drainage
joint is part of a coupling, fitting or adapter.
system or both. Such receptacles or devices require a supply
MEDICAL GAS SYSTEM. The complete system to convey of water; or discharge liquid waste or liquid-borne solid
medical gases for direct patient application from central sup- waste; or require a supply of water and discharge waste to a
ply systems (bulk tanks, manifolds and medical air compres- drainage system.
sors), with pressure and operating controls, alarm warning
PLUMBING SYSTEM. A system that includes the water
systems, related components and piping networks extending distribution pipes; plumbing fixtures and traps; water-treating
to station outlet valves at patient use points.
or water-using equipment; soil, waste and vent pipes; and
MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEM. A system consisting of building drains; in addition to their respective connections,
central-vacuum-producing equipment with pressure and devices and appurtenances within a structure or premises; and
operating controls, shutoff valves, alarm-warning systems, the water service, building sewer and building storm sewer
gauges and a network of piping extending to and terminating serving such structure or premises.
with suitable station inlets at locations where patient suction POLLUTION. An impairment of the quality of the potable
may be required.
water to a degree that does not create a hazard to public
METER. A measuring device used to collect data and indi- health but that does adversely and unreasonably affect the
cate water usage. aesthetic qualities of such potable water for domestic use.
NONPOTABLE WATER. Water not safe for drinking, per- POTABLE WATER. Water free from impurities present in
sonal or culinary utilization. amounts sufficient to cause disease or harmful physiological

2018 INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING CODE ® 13
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