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SOURCES FOR FIGURES University Press, 1987); and 10. Hunan kaogu jikan, no. 1 Antiquities, Pt. 1 (Taipei: (Hong Kong: The Oriental
Fig. i. After Cream of the Robert Bagley, "Shang Ritual Society of Hong Kong, 1990),
Bronzes: Casting Technique (1982), pp. 19-20. National Palace Museum,
Pottery from Erlitou (Beijing: and Vessel Design," Archives of PP- 32-38.
Asian Art 43 (1990), pp. 6-20. 11. For cat. 25, see Wenwu, no. 7 1992), pp. 209-55.
Social Sciences Press, 1995), (1976), pp. 49-50; both 26. The other two vessels in the
no. 161. A4. detailed periodization, based examples are discussed in Fong, 18. Rawson, ed.. Mysteries of
ed.. Great Bronze Age, no. 24. — —set a zun and a fang yi are
Fig. 2. After WTIiomas Chase, on increasing ornateness of Ancient China, no. 25.
Ancient Chinese Bronze Art: surface decoration, was first 12. Wenwu, no. 7 (i960), pp. illustrated in Shaanxi chutu
Casting the Precious Vessel 50-52; the find is also discussed 19. Fong, ed.. Great Bronze Age, Shang Zhou qingtongqi: 2
(New York: China House Gallery, proposed by Max Loehr in"The in connection with Fong, ed.. chap. 5.
*9to)>M l Bronze Styles of the Anyang Great Bronze Age, no. 21. (Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe,
Fig. 3. After Zhongguo wenwu Period," Archives of the Chinese 13. The excavation is reported 1980), nos. 15-16.
jinghua (Beijing: Wenwu Art Society ofAmerica 7 (1953), in full in Yinxu Fu Hao mu
pp. 42-53; it was further (Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 20. Jessica Rawson, Western 27. This set and three additional
chubanshe, 1990), no. 30, developed by Bagley in Shang 1980); this vessel, the tomb, and Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the bronzes formed part of a cache
Ritual Bronzes in the Sackler some of the other bronzes are Arthur M. Sackler Collections, discovered at Qijiacun, Fufeng
Fig. 4. After Houma zhutong Collections, sees. 1.3— 1.8, i.ro, Ancient Chinese Bronzes from county, Shaanxi Province, in
yizhi (Beijing: Wenwu 2.1-2.5. also discussed in detail in Fong, the Arthur M. Sackler 1964; see Shaanxi chutu Shang,
ed.. Great Bronze Age, Collections, vols. I1A, IIB (New nos. 120—25.
chubanshe, 1993), pi. 153:3- 5. Wenwu jikan, no. 1 (1992), pp. 177-81, nos. 28-33; and in York and Cambridge: Arthur
Jessica Rawson, ed.. Mysteries of M. Sackler Foundation and 28. The pair is published in
Fig. 9. After Hebei sheng chutu pp. 18-19. Ancient China (London: British Arthur M. Sackler Museum,
Harvard University, 1990), sect. Shaanxi chutu Shang, nos.
wenwu xuanji (Beijing: Wenwu 6. Henan sheng wenwu Museum Press, 1996), pp. 31-32. Part of a cache of 103
2-3- bronzes unearthed in 1976 at
chubanshe, 1980), no. 159. yanjiusuo, ed., Zhengzhou Shang 90—105. Zhuangbai, Fufeng county,
kaogu xin faxian yu yanjiu 2r. This lei was found with
Fig. 10. After Henry Hodges, (1985-1992) (Zhengzhou: 14. Wenwu, no. I (1972), three other similar vessels and Shaanxi Province, the name
Artifacts (London: 1976), p. 72, Zhongzhou guji chubanshe, pp. 6—7; also discussed in Fong, fifteen bronze weapons inside a "Xing" mentioned in the
!993); discussions regarding the ed.. Great Bronze Age, no. 25. large pottery urn without signs inscription of this hu also
fig. 10. historical significance of the of an accompanying burial: see occurs on 32 other bronzes
site are summarized in Henan 15. Wemvu, no. 4 (1978), p. 94; Kaogu, no. 6 (1981), pp. 496-99; from the hoard; see Wenwu,
Fig, 11. After Xi' an: Legacies of sheng wenwu, Henan kaogu also in Fong, ed.. Great Bronze also published in Zhongguo
Ancient Chinese Civilization sishininan, pp. 201—4. Age, no. 18. The other, in the no. 3 (1978), pp. 1-24;
(Beijing: Morning Glory Press, Sen'oku Hakkokan, Kyoto, is wenwu jinghua (Beijing: Wenwu and Shaanxi chutu Shang.
7. Of these eight fang ding, discussed in Fong, ed., Great chubanshe, 1990). no. 47. An nos. 27-43.
1992), p. 176. Bronze Age, no. 18.
two are published in Wenwu, earlier cache, likewise with no 29. The finds at Pingdingshan.
NOTES no. 6 (1975), pp. 64-68, the 16. For earthenware drums, see signs of accompanying burial, made over a period in the late
larger of which is also Rawson, ed.. Mysteries of found in 1959, contained five 1980s, have yet to be
1. Kaogu.no. 5 (1975), pi. 9, Ancient China, no. 8; for similar lei, two other bronze
illustrated and discussed in Wen evidence of wooden drums, see vessels, and thirteen weapons; systematically published. For
p. 2; and Henan sheng wenwu Kaogu, no. 1 {1983), pi. 6:5, the he, see Zttongguo wenwu
Fong, ed.. The Great Bronze Age see Wenwu, no. n (1961), jinghua, no. 49; for the gui, see
yanjiusuo, ed., Henan kaogu of China (New York: PP- 37~39- A pictographic Zhongguo wenwu jinghua, no. 79;
pp. 2S-31. both are also published in the
sislunian (1952-1992) Metropolitan Museum of Art, inscription on a fang lei from brief report on the excavations
Luoyang, Henan Province, 22. Found in 1963 in Baoji in Zhongguo wenwubao,
(Zhengzhou: Henan renmin 1980), no. 11; two more, shows two hands, each holding county, Shaanxi Province; 1 September 1996.
chubanshe, 1994), p. 176. For identical in size and recovered up a club to a drum on a Wenwu, no. 1 (1966), p. 4;
calibrated carbon- 14 dates in 1982, are published in stand: see Luoyang Cultural Wenwu, no. 1 (1976), pp. 60, 66, 30. For examples of bronzes
ranging between 1900 and Wenwu, no. 3 (1983), pp. 49-59; Relics Team, ed., Luoyang chutu 93; see also Fong, ed.. Great
1500 bce obtained from wood and the remaining four (83, 75, wenwu jisui (Beijing: Zhaohua Bronze Age, no. 42. associated with various states.
64, and 59 cm. high, chubanshe, 1990), no. 3, see Rawson, Western Zhou
remains at the site, see Kaogu, respectively), found in 1996, are A23. detailed report of the
no. 10 (1983), pp. 923-28; and published in Zhongguo indicating that the type, in Ritual Bronzes, chap. 4; Jenny F.
Institute of Archaeology, ed., wenwubao,2i April 1996. All, bronze or another material, was tomb that yielded this vessel is So, Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronze*
Radiocarbon Dates in Chinese including the present example
Archaeology (1965-1991) (cat. 22), were discovered in certainly not unknown along in Lu Liancheng and Hu from the Arthur M. Sacklcr
caches, not burials.
(Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, the Yellow River basin. Zhisheng, Baoji Yu Guo mudi, Collections, Ancient Chinese
8. One vessel showed only 0.1
J99I). 17. See Robert Bagley, "A 2 vols. (Beijing: Wenwu MBronzes from the Arthur
percent lead, while another Shang City in Sichuan
2. Henan sheng wenwu, Henan contained 17 percent lead; see chubanshe, 1988); see also Sackler Collections.
Wenwu, no. 3 (1983), p. 59. Province." Orientations Zhongguo wenwu jinghua
kaogu sishinian, p. 174. (New York and Washington,
9. For cat. 29, see Zhongguo (November 1990), pp. 52-67. (Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe.
3. Much of the discussion here Selected bronzes from the MD.< \i thin Sackler
wenwu jinghua (Beijing: Wenwu Guanghan cache are also 1993). no. 74-
and in subsequent sections
regarding the relationship chubanshe, 1993), no. 70; for discussed m Rawson, ed., Foundation and Arthur M.
between early bronze casting cat. 23, a chance find in 1938 at
and the pottery industry is Yueshangpu, Ningxiang county, Mysteries ofAncient China, 24.Thc,\yN ' is part of a cache Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian
treated in greater detail in lv
Robert Bagley, Shang Ritual Hunan Province, see Kaogu, nos. 22-32. A general discussion
Bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler of 103 bronzes discovered in Institution. 1995 , chaps. - -3;
Collection Ancient Chinese no. 12 (1963), p. 648. For a of southern bronzes is 111
Bronzes from the Arthur M. detailed discussion, including Robert Bagley, "C Ihangjiang 1976 .it Zhuangbai, Fufeng and Ja\ \u." ["he Cemetery of
Sacklcr Collections, vol. 1 arguments for its likely local Bronzes and Shang the Western Zhou Lords of
(Washington, D.C. and manufacture, see Fong. ed.. Archaeology," Proa edings, county, Sh.uiiM Province. Sec
Cambridge, Mass.: Arthur M. Great Bronze Age, no. 20, International Colloquium on
Sacklcr Foundation and Arthur chap. 3. Chinese Art History, to.01. Wenwu, no. ; 1 1978), pp. 1-24. Jin," Artibtts Asiae $6, nos. 3 4
M. Sacklcr Museum, Harvard 42; see also Fong. ed 1 pp. 193-231.
Bronze Age, no. 45.
25. For .1 discussion of the So, Eastern Zhou Ritual
"ritual revolution" during the for an
Zhou period, sec Raw sou,
Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes, account of the site and its
chip 4; and Jessica Rawson and excavation nearly forty years
ago; also 1 1 Xuting and Liang
Gi Bunker, Ancient
ng, l'h, .Iff of the Houma
Chinese ati.l i >>.. ; (bilingual), with
introduction and English text
INNOVATION IN ANCIENT CHINESE METALWORK 87
