Page 178 - Copper and Bronze in Art: Corrosion, Colorants, Getty Museum Conservation, By David Scott

TABLE 5.3 C O R R O S I O N M I N E R A L S D E N T I F I E D O N T H E C R E A T B U D D H A ,
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K A M A K U R A , J A P A N

S A M P L E " C O L O R M A J O R MINO R T R A C E
15 green Cu 2 Cl(OH) 3 ; CuPb 2(P0 4)(S0 4)(OH); Pb 3 (P0 4 ) 2 ;Fe 2 0 3 ;
Cu 2 0; PbS0 4 Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 -H 2 O Cu 4 S0 4 (OH) 6 -H 2 0;
Cu 4 S0 4 (OH) 6
16 pale green Cu 2 0; PbS0 4 Cu 2 Cl(OH) 3 ; CuCl; Cu 2S;
Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 -H 2 0 FeOOH; Sn 3 0 4 ; Si0 2 ;
2Pb(C0 3 )Pb(OH) 2 -H 2 0
17 dark green Cu 2 0; CuS0 4 (OH) 6 ; CuCl 2 ;
Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 -H 2 O CuC0 3 Cu(OH) 2 ; CaC0 3 -H 2 0; Sn 5 0 6
(CuZn) 2 (C0 3 )(OH) 2
18 yellow-green Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 -H 2 O; Cu 2 0; PbCO s CuS0 4 -H 2 0;
FeS0 4 -5H 2 0;
Cu 2 Cl(OH) 2
A1 2 0 3 ; CaSi0 3
19 pale green Cu 2 0 CuS0 4 (OH) 6 ; Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 OH;
Cu 4 (OH) 6 S0 4 ; CaC0 3 ; Al 2 Si0 3
Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 Cl; PbFe 2 0 4
20 yellow-green Cu 2 0; Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 OH; PbS0 4; Pb;
CaCO 3 Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 -H 2 O;
Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 Cl(OH) 3 Pb(FeCuAl) 3 (S0 4 ) 2 (OH) 6
Cu 2 Pb 5 (S0 4 ) 2 (OH) 6
21 dark brown Cu 2 0; Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 Cl Cu 2 (OH) 3 Cl; PbFe 2 0 4 ; CaSi0 4; Sn
Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 -H 2 0;
Cu 4 S0 4 (OH) 6
22 dark brown Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 Cl Cu 2 0; Pb 3 0 2 C0 3 ; Pb0 2 ; FeO; SnO;
Cu 4 S0 4 (OH) 6 ; Cu 2 Cl(OH) 3
Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 OH

23 green surface, Cu 2 0; PbS0 4; FeS; FeOOH; CaS0 3;
reddish Cu 4 S0 4 (OH) 6 Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 -H 2 O PbO; Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 Cl
brown inside
24 black Cu 2 0; Cu 4 (OH) 6 S0 4 Pb 5 (P0 4 ) 3 Cl; CuO; CuCl; PbO; FeOOH;
SnCl 4; CaC0 3 ;
Cu 2 Cl(OH) 3 FeS0 4
25 white Pb 3 (C0 3 ) 2 (OH) 2 ; Pb(S0 4) Pb 10 (CO 3 ) 6 (OH) 6 ; CaCO s
Pb 4 (S0 4 )(C0 3 ) 2 (OH) 2
26 white Pb; PbC0 2 PbS0 4; PbO; PbClOH; CaCO s; CuO
Pb 3 (CO s ) 2 (OH) 2

After Matsuda and Aoki (1996).
Samples taken from different areas of the statue; chemical composition varied depending on orientation to the environment.
'The major phases identified were atacamite, cuprite, anglesite, and a variety of lead sulfates, carbonates, and phosphates. Cu 2 Cl(OH)
is either atacamite or paratacamite; Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) H 2 O is the formula given in the C D D files for synthetic atacamite.
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1 0