Page 28 - Christie's Hong Kong May 31, 2017 Fine Buddhist Works of Art
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2807 Continued
Although examples bearing a Yongle presentation
mark of this four-armed emanation of the Manjusri
are known, no other figure inscribed with a
Xuande presentation mark appears to have been
published. Compare with published Yongle-
marked examples such as the figure in the British
Museum, London, illustrated in Buddhism Art
and Faith, 1985, no. 308; in the Berti Aschmann
Foundation of Tibetan Art, illustrated in On
the Path to Enlightenment, 1995, no. 67; in the
collection of the State Hermitage Museum,
St Petersburg, illustrated in Wisdom and
Compassion, 1996, no. 30 and formerly
in the Speelman Collection, sold at
Sotheby’s Hong Kong, 7 October 2006,
lot 804.
文殊菩薩,被視為智慧的化身。文殊二字,為梵
文Manjusri音譯「文殊師利」的簡稱,又稱「曼殊師
利」,原意為「妙德」或「妙吉祥」,因據佛典記
載,文殊菩薩出生時現吉祥瑞光而得名。《文殊師利
法寶藏陀羅尼經》與《文殊師利般涅槃經》中稱,文
殊菩薩生於古印度舍衛國多羅村梵德一婆羅門之家,
後隨釋迦佛出家。佛祖涅槃後,他以童子形遊行於
「大振那國的五頂山」為眾生宣說佛法。山西五台
山,即被視為文殊菩薩說法之「五頂山」道場。
此鎏金銅文殊菩薩造型端莊優美,座上蓮瓣飽滿修
長,座面橫刻「大明永宣德年施」款。傳世的四臂鎏
金銅文殊菩薩像中有數件刻永樂年款,但刻宣德年款
的例子卻不為多見,本尊有可能是孤品。可參考數件
出版過的永樂例子,一件藏大英博物館,著錄於1985
年出版《Buddhist Art and Faith》,圖版308號;一件
藏Berti Aschmann西藏藝術基金會,著錄於1995年
出版《On the Path to Enlightenment》,
圖版67號;一件藏聖彼得堡冬宮,
見1996年出版《Wisdom and
Compassion》,圖版30號;
一件為Speelman舊藏,2006
年10月7日於香港蘇富比拍
賣,拍品804號。
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