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3.3 Research Instruments .............................................................................................................................54
3.4 Data collection Methods and Procedures ...............................................................................................55
3.5 Data Analysis .........................................................................................................................................56
3.6 Ethical Considerations ...........................................................................................................................56
CHAPTER FOUR .......................................................................................................................... 58
THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUDAN PEOPLE’S LIBERATION
MOVEMENT ................................................................................................................................. 58
4.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................58
4.1 Historical Background ...........................................................................................................................58
4.2 Sudan People’s Liberation Movement ...................................................................................................75
4.3 SPLM Formidable Years-1983 to 1991 .................................................................................................76
4.4 SPLM after the end of the cold war .......................................................................................................82
4.4.1 The structural causes of the war in South Sudan ................................................................................90
4.4.2 Factionalism and politics of cutting the pie ........................................................................................91
4.4.3 The SPLM leadership crises deepens..................................................................................................96
4.5 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................102
CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 104
SPLM AND THE COMPREHESIVE PEACE AGREEMENT, 2005-2011 ................................ 104
5.0 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................104
5.1 Why the SPLM negotiated the Comprehensive Peace Agreement ......................................................105
5.2 SPLM Challenges in 2005 ...................................................................................................................106
5.2.1 SPLM and the melting glue of leadership .........................................................................................108
5.2.2 Government policy formulation ........................................................................................................110
5.2.3 SPLM and service delivery ...............................................................................................................111
5.2.4 Political leadership and the curse of the SPLM ................................................................................120
5.2.5 An analysis of SPLMs response to social and national question: 2011-2014 ...................................123
5.2.6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................127
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