Page 47 - RusRPTDec20

the gray economy), which is in the order of about 60% of household income, have also declined in real terms.
The contraction in wages and salaries is partly due to a decline in the number of employed, which has been even slightly sharper than in the great recession of 2009. On top of this, layoffs and part-time work have increased.
According to the Rosstat Labour Force Survey, the number of people employed has declined this year, especially in the gray sectors of the economy, as in previous weak economic times. In the rest of the economy, which is better recorded, the number of people employed has remained broadly unchanged.
They also have an average wage increase in real terms in this recession, in contrast to the recession and inflation years of 2009 and 2015. However, the differences between sectors are very large. In most of the main sectors of the private sector, such as industry and trade, real wages have fallen.
47 ​RUSSIA Country Report​ December 2020 www.intellinews.com