Page 132 - Advanced OT Survey Student Textbook

Confront: Adultery (11:12-13:16) God brings covenant lawsuit for injustice, infidelity (11:12-12:2).
Urging them to learn from Jacob’s life, God teaches dependence on Him (not our strength and strategy),
disobedient to be judged exile (4-14). On prostitute (idolatry), God will personally attack, devour His
own people (13:1-16). Call to Repentance (14:1-9)

The prophet concludes with a call to repent- return (1-3). Then, God will heal waywardness and return
His blessing (4-7). He is protector and provider (8-9). He ends with a challenge to the reader, whoever is
wise, let him understand!

The Book of Hosea

Joel - ‘YHWH is God’

Date: Unknown

Setting: Exilic or Post-exilic (cf. “scattered,” 3:2-3)

Theme: The Day of the LORD: Plague and Promise Message: God’s people must
repent to escape His retribution and participate in His restoration!

Plague: Current Catastrophe (1:1-20) Call to Alarm (1-12) Judah had just
experienced a plague of epic proportion, wave after wave of locust leaving the land completely bare (1-
7). Calling them to lament like a young bride bereaved of her husband, Joel urges the people “to be
distressed because of your distress,” using a Hebrew ( ) שׁיבִ וֹה wordplay to link their current condition to
God’s call for contrition (8-12). Call to Repentance (13-20) Joel calls for both the priests and the people
to cry out to God for repentance, as the locust merely foreshadow the Almighty’s ( )◌ַׁ יד ַׁ◌ coming
ש
ֹ
destruction ( , ◌ׁ 13 - 18 דש). “The day of the LORD is near!” Amidst all the emptiness, the prophet cries
out to YHWH for help (19-20)!

131