Page 72 - 2023 Elctronic Book (3) Normal Labor_Neat

• Placement a spiral electrode into fetal presenting part usually head to assess FHR and
record uterine contraction.

 Advantage:

1) more accurate in displaying an FHR between 30 and 240 b/min.

 Disadvantages:
1) Perforation of uterus or placenta of fetal damage due to misapplication in fetal

presentation wasn’t recognized.
2) Carry the risk of infection of scalp or amnion.
3) The insertion of electrode may cause bruising on the part of fetus that electrode is

attached.
4) Insertion of electrode may be un comfortable for mother.
5) It isn't recommended for women who have active herpes out breaks when they are in

labor.
 External fetal monitoring:
*Noninvasive fetal monitoring

• External monitoring doesn't require cervical dilatation or rupture of membranes.
 Technique

Is an in direct monitoring:
• Two ultrasound transducers/each is attached to belt are applied around the woman's

abdomen.
• One of the belts is put against the uterine funds to detect change in uterine pressure
and cover pressure into electronic signal that reordered on graph paper.

• The other belt is put between umbilical and symphysis pubis to record base line of
FHR and if there is any variation
 Advantage:

1)Noninvasive
2) Easy to apply.

3) May be used during the antepartum period.
4) may be used with telemetry.
5) doesn't require ruptured membrane or cervical dilatation.

6) No known risks to woman or fetus.
7) Provide continuous recording of FHR and UA.
8) without hazard.

9) Detects movement of fetal cardiac valves.

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