Page 761 - The Encyclopedia of Taoism v1_A-L

LU XIXING 719

shuo guangzhu jiefa dengzhu yuanyi 11 W jf fift J'tJlID frX; frJ j~H5l mJi1~ (Explanation
of Candle-Illumination, Precepts and Penalties, Lamps, Invocations, and Vows
for Lingbao Retreats; CT 524) and Lingbao zhongjian wen ~ if !;R fb1 X. (Tablets
and Texts of Lingbao; CT 410) both provide detail, drawn from the Lingbao
scriptures and provided by Lu, on the symbolism and practice of ritual. Bud-
dhist sources mention eight further treatises by Lu, some clearly dealing with
Lingbao attempts to appropriate Buddhism, but these have not survived.
Criticism of Lu's attempts at unifying and regularizing Taoist practice
began soon after his death. Buddhist polemicists accused him of plagiarizing
elements of their scriptures and of incorporating earlier non-Taoist works into
his catalogue. They also reported that he had turned traitor on the Qi dynasty,
taking his disciples to the north, or that he had been defeated in debate-all
said to occur after Lu's death date. Even Taoists, such as *Tao Hongjing,
criticized Lu of misrepresentation or misappropriation. It was only with the
Taoist scholasticism of the Tang that his reputation among Taoists was fully
restored and not until Song Buddhist accommodations with Taoism that Bud-
dhists looked back upon him favorably and began to construct legends that
Lu had studied with Huiyuan on Mount Lu.
Stephen R. BOKENKAMP

ID Bell 1987a; Bell 1988; Bokenkamp 1997,377--98; Bokenkamp 2001; Chen
Guofu 1963, 38-44, 282-83; Nickerson 1996a; 6fuchi Ninji 1997, 57-72; Qing
Xitai 1988--95, I: 465-83; RenJiyu 1990, 143-68; Yamada Toshiaki 1995b; Yoshioka
Yoshitoyo 1955, 18-44
* Daomen keliie; Lingbao jingmu; Lingbao shoudu yi; Sandong jingshu mulu;
Lingbao

Lu Xixing

1520-1601 or 1606; zi: Changgeng ~J!; haD: Qianxu zi Mmr
(Master Secluded in Emptiness), Fanghu waishi 11 ft >'~ ~ (The
External Secretary of Mount Fanghu)

Lu Xixing is the alleged founder of the Eastern Branch (Oongpai *~) of
late *neidan. A native of Yangzhou ttHH (Jiangsu), he began his career as an
official and then turned to Taoism, but it is unclear whether he took formal
ordination. Although he was married and had children, he used to leave them
frequently to visit famous mountains. He claimed that, in 1547, *Lii Oongbin