Page 23 - Opportunities in the Treatment of Water and Other Wast Streams

Crystallizer
Application:
Why: Reduce produced water volumes on-site to reduce transportation costs off-site for disposal.
Where: Due to power requirements, crystallizers are often used in centralized facilities to treat water before transporting to more distant disposal facilities or on-site at locations with power connections.
Target Contaminants:
Liquid concentrated wastes are reduced to solids or slurries of greatly reduced volume.
Benefits:
• Volume reduction • Solid disposable product • Smaller footprint than evaporation ponds
Limitations:
• High energy requirements • Relatively expensive • Lack of significant beneficial product
Previously described desalination processes produce a concentrate waste product that may still have significant volume. In these situations, crystallization will reduce the concentrated produced water to a crystalline solid by distilling off the remaining water.
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